CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) . 209 



Leaves equaling or exceeding the culms . . .51. C. vulpinoidea. 

 Leaves distinctly shorter than the culms. 



Perigynia lanceolate or lance-ovate . . . 52. C. setacea. 

 Perigynia broad-ovate to suborbicular . . (52) C. setacea, v. aniblgua. 

 to. Perigynia drab to dark brown or purplish, plump, some- 

 what biconvex. 



Perigynia obovoid, narrow-margined, abruptly short- 

 beaked 58. (7. decomposita. 



Perigynia ovoid, with rounded margins, tapering 



gradually to a beak. 



Inflorescence dark brown, stiff, dense, spiciform . 54. C. diandra. 

 Inflorescence light brown, flexuous, loose, sub- 

 paniculate (54) C. diandra, v. ramosa. 



v. Perigynia prominently enlarged and spcngy at base, con- 

 spicuously nerved, the slender beak much longer than 

 the body. 

 Perigynia 4-5 mm. long, tapering gradually from base 



to tip 56. C. stipata. 



Perigynia 6-9 mm. long, abruptly enlarged below into 



a disk-like base 57. C. crus-corvi. 



m. Eootstock slender and elongate ; culms mostly scattered, or if 



tufted bearing slender stolons at base z. 

 z. Perigynia thin-margined ; heads elongate, 2-8 cm. long, of 



numerous distinct spikes. 



Perigynia wing-margined ; inner side of leaf-sheath carti- 

 laginous to chartaceous, nerveless . . . . 58. C. ar en aria. 

 Perigynia not wing-margined ; leaf-sheath green and uni- 

 formly ribbed, except at the orifice . . . . 59. C. Sartwellii. 

 e. Perigynia plump, not thin-margined ; heads ovoid to glo- 

 bose, 0.5-1.5 cm. long, of few congested spikes. 



Perigynia flat on the inner face, faintly nerved . . 60. C. stenophylla. 



Perigynia plano-convex, strongly nerved ' . . . 61. C. chordorrhiza. 

 1. Spike solitary, terminal, globular or short-ovoid . . . . 62. C. capitata. 



2. Some of the spikes strictly pistillate ; stigmas 3 and achenes trigonous ; or, 

 if stigmas 2 and achenes lenticular, some of the spikes peduncled. EUCAREX 

 Griseb. A. 



A. Achenes lenticular or plano-convex; stigmas 2 (very rarely and 

 exceptionally 3) ; perigynia beakless or very short-beaked, with 

 entire or merely emarginate orifice B. 

 B. Perigynia dull C. 



C. Scales aristate or subulate-tipped, much exceeding the perigynia ; 



pistillate spikes all peduncled D. 

 D. Scales appressed-ascending ; basal sheaths rarely fibrillose. 



Awns longer than the blades of the scales ; spikes on wide- 

 spreading or drooping capillary peduncles ; old leaves 



revolute 68. C. maritima. 



Awns shorter than the blades of the scales ; spikes strongly 



ascending ; old leaves involute . . . . 64. C. salina, v. cuspidata. 



D. Scales spreading ; basal leafless sheaths fibrillose. 



Leaf-sheaths glabrous. 



Perigynia inflated, wrinkled in drying. / 



Spikes flexuous or drooping, the pistillate 3.5-10 cm. 



long . . 65. C. crinita. 



Spikes suberect or spreading, 1-3.5 cm. long . . (65) C. crinita, v. minor. 



Perigynia tight, not inflated (65) C. crinita v. Porteri. 



Leaf-sheaths scabrous-hispid. 



Pistillate spikes 2.5-10 cm. long, drooping . . (65) C. crinita, v. gynandra. 

 Pistillate spikes suberect or spreading, 1-8.5 cm. long (65) C. crinita, v. simulant. 

 C. Scales obtuse or acute, not aristate ; if subulate-tipped with the 

 upper spikes mostly sessile E. 



E. Perigynia compressed, lenticular or plano-convex F. 



F. Culms solitary or few ; lower sheaths slightly if at all fibril- 

 lose G. 



G. Perigynia nerveless H. 

 H. Perigynia plane, not twisted at tip /. 

 /. Culms leafy and tall, somewhat caespitose ; leaves 

 scabrous on the veins and margins ; basal off- 

 shoots chiefly erect J. 



J. Green, scarcely glaucous ; pistillate spikes atten- 

 uate at tip 64. C. saUna, v. outpidata. 



J, Strongly glaucous ; pistillate spikes full and 



rounded at tip. 



Scales conspicuous, dark, nearly or quite equal- 

 ing the perigynia. 

 Scales blunt or acntish. 



Pistillate spikes 3-4.5 mm. thick . . . 66. C. aquatili*. 



GRAY'S MANUAL 14 



