CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



211 



V. Scales shorter than or about equaling the perigynia. 

 Scales rough-awned ; coarse southern plant . 

 Scales blunt ; slender northern plants. 



. 148. C. verrucota. 



Spikes sessile, closely approximate ii 

 Spikes mostly peduncled, spreading i 

 les much exceeding the perigynia. 



in an irregular head 

 treading or drooping . 

 V. Scales much exceeding the per" 



Spikes sessile, erect 



Spikes peduncled, spreading or drooping 

 U. Scales white or greenish, or if very brownish the spikes 



linear-cylindric W. 



W. Spikes mostly sessile or subsessile and erect X. 

 X. Spikes mostly remote ; leaves glabrous, short and broad 



(4-10 mm. broad) 



X. Spikes approximate or overlapping ; leaves long and 

 ' ide " 



78. C. Halleri. 



79. C. atrata, v. ovata. 



80. C. polygama. 

 111. C. paupercula. 



135. C. ffranularis. 



slender (1^4 mm. broad), at least the sheaths hairy. 

 Perigynia smooth, or when young slightly hairy. 

 Leaves smooth ....... (81) C. triceps, v. Smithii. 



Leaves hairy ........ 81. C. triceps, v. hirsuta. 



Perigynia very hairy. 



Terminal spike (including the staminate base) 1.8-4 



cm. long, one tenth to one seventh as thick . 



Terminal spike 9-18 mm. long, one fifth to one 



third as thick ...... (82) C, virescens, v. Swanii. 



W. Spikes mostly peduncled, spreading or drooping Y, 

 Y. Perigynia 2 mm. or more thick. 



Scales blunt or cuspidate, much shorter than the 

 perigynia ........ 



Scales long-awned, usually equaling the perigynia . 

 F. Perigynia less than 2 mm. thick Z. 



Z. Bracts with distinct long sheaths ; perigynia bluntly 



angled a. 

 a. Perigynia rounded or narrowed but not definitely 



stipitate at base &. 



&. Perigynia less than 4 mm. long, beakless. 

 Sheaths glabrous ; perigynia obtuse . . 

 Sheaths pubescent ; perigynia acutish 

 6. Perigynia 4 mm. or more long. 



Leaves hairy ; perigynia beakless 

 Leaves smooth ; perigynia beaked. 

 Scales white or whitish ; perigynia with long 

 conic-cylindric beaks .... 



Scales with dark-brown margins ; perigynia 

 with short-conic beaks .... 



a. Perigynia with slender stipitate bases 

 Z. Bracts sheathless ; perigynia sharply angled 

 T. Perigynia wide-spreading or reflexed. 



Perigynia orbicular to broadly elliptic, compressed, nerve- 



less, with tiny short point ; bracts erect 

 Perigynia terete, beaked, strong-ribbed ; bracts divergent. 

 Beak about as long as body of perigynium. 

 Beak much shorter than body of perigynium . 

 Q. Terminal spike staminate throughout c. 



c. Lowest foliaceous bracts of the inflorescence sheathless, or with 

 short colored sheaths or colored auricles, sometimes wanting 

 or reduced to mere colored sheaths d. 

 d. Perigynia pubescent (if rarely glabrous, the spikes mostly 



crowded at the base of the densely tufted leaves) e. 

 6. Spikes subtended by colored tubular sheaths which are 



without green blades. 



Pistillate spikes cylindric, 12 cm. long ; scales exceeding 

 the perigynia ......... 



Pistillate spikes subglobose, 4-7 mm. long; scales much 

 shorter than the perigynia ...... 



6. Spikes bractless or the lowermost with green foliaceous bracts /. 

 /. Leaves and culms soft-pubescent ...... 101. C. pubescent. 



f. Leaves and culms glabrous g. 



g. Leaves mostly basal, the culms naked or with short 



reduced leaves h. 



h. Scales rough-cuspidate ; perigynia yellowish-brown 

 h. Scales smooth ; perigynia green or whitish *. 



i. Plant strongly stoloniferous, the elongate often leaf- 



less stolons scaly-bracted and creeping. 

 Beak one fourth to one fifth as long as the body of 

 the perigynium 



C. virescens. 



83. C. formosa. 



84. C. Dcwisii. 



85. C. gracillima. 



86. C. aestivalis. 



87. C.oxylepis. 



146. C. debilis, vars. 



147. C, renusta, v. minor. 

 145. C. arctata. 



115. C.prasina. 



88. C. Shortiana. 



188. C.flava. 



189. C. Oederi. 



120. C. Richardsoni. 

 119. C. concinna. 



102. C. caryophyllea. 



Beak about as long as the body 



i. Plant caespitose or slightly stoloniferous, the basal 



leafy shoots strongly assurgent j. 

 j. Some (or all) of the culms short and more or less 

 hidden by the bases of the leaves k. 



100. C, pennsylvanica. 

 (100) C. pennaytoanica., v. lucorum 



