220 



CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 





elongate-ovate, ascending or rarely spreading, distinctly about 10- 

 nerved on each face; scales lance-attentuate or aristate. ((7. 

 straminea, var. aperta Boott ; C. tenera Britton, not Dewey.) 

 Fresh or brackish marshes, commonest near the 

 coast, e. Que. to Del. and la. ; B. C. June-Aug. 

 FIG. 356. Lower small-spiked (5-8 mm. long) 

 plants have been separated as var. INVISA (W. 

 Boott) Fernald. FIG. 357. 



Var. Richii Fernald. Perigynia 4-5 mm. long, 

 with suborbicular bodies abruptly contracted to con- 

 spicuous loosely ascending or spreading tips. (C. 

 tenera, var. Fernald.) Mass, to D. C. FIG. 358. 



13. C. Bicknellii Britton. Culms comparatively 

 stout, 4-9 dm. high, smooth except at summit ; leaves 

 ascending, rather short and firm, 2-4.5 mm. broad ; 

 inflorescence of 3-7 silvery-brown or greenish ovoid, obovoid or subglobose 

 approximate or slightly remote spikes (8-14 mm. long) ; perigynia ascending, 

 with broadly ovate or suborbi- 

 cular bodies, the tips becoming 

 conspicuous, broadly wing-mar- 

 gined, when mature becoming 

 almost translucent and about 10- 

 nerved on each face. ((7. stra- 

 minea, var. Crawei Boott.) Dry __ 

 or rocky soil, Me. to Man., N. J., oT^JllP' ifll 



O., and Ark. May-July. FIG. 

 359. 



14. C. silicea Olney. Culms 

 slender, stiff, 3-8 dm. high ; leaves 

 erectish, usually glaucous, 2-4.5 

 mm. wide, often becoming involute; 



inflorescence of 3-12 usually remote conic-ovoid and clavate- 

 based whitish spikes (1-1.5 cm. long) ; perigynia firm 

 and opaque, 4-5 mm. long, 2.2-3 mm. broad, short-beaked, 

 broad-winged, the body distinctly 3-5-nerved on the inner, 

 6-12-nerved on the outer face. (C. foenea, var. subu- 

 lonum Gray.) Sands and rocks 

 near the sea, Gulf of St. Law- 

 rence to N. J. June-Aug. FIG. 

 360. 



15. C. alata Torr. Culms rather 

 stout, smooth except at summit, 



0.5-1 m. high; leaves mostly short and harsh, 



2.5-4.5 mm. wide, the sheath green and strongly nerved 



nearly or quite to the narrow subchartaceous auricle ; 



head oblong or ovoid, of 3-8 compact approximate 



conic-ovoid or subcylindric spikes (8-15 mm. long) / 



perigynia appressed-ascending, firm and opaque, broad- 

 winged, very faintly nerved or nerveless, much broader 

 than the usually rough-awned scales. 

 (O. straminea, var. Bailey.) Marshes 

 and wet woods, N. H. to Mich, and Fla. ; mostly coastal. 

 July. FIG. 361. 



16. C. suberScta (Olney) Britton. Similar ; slender ; the 

 3-5 irregularly clustered spikes finally tawny or ferruginous ; 

 perigynia ovate, 4-5 mm. long, 2.3-2.8 mm. broad ; scales 

 lance-ovate, mostly awnless. (C. tenera, var. Olney; C. alata, 

 var. ferruginea Fernald.) Ont. and O. to Mich., 111., and la. 

 FIG. 362. 

 C. suberecta. 17. C. festucacea Schkuhr. Culms stiff, 0.5-1 m. high ; 



359. C. Bicknellii. 



C. silicea. 



C. alata. 



June, 



