CYPERACEAE (SEDGE FAMILY) 



229 



413. C. crus-corvi. 



414. C. arenaria. 



of the inconspicuous scale. Swamps and bottoms, 

 Ind. to Minn., Neb., and southw. ; rare north w. June, 

 July. FIG. 413. 



58. C. ARKxXniA L. Extensively creeping, 0.7-5 dm. 

 high ; leaves very narrow and very long-pointed, shorter 

 than the culm; head dense or some- 

 times interrupted, ovoid or cylindric ; 

 spikes few to many, those at the apex 

 of the head usually staminate, the 

 intermediate ones staminate at the 

 summit, the lowest entirely pistillate 

 and subtended by a bract 1-3 cm. 



long ; perigynium very strongly nerved on both faces, wing- 

 margined above, sharply long-toothed, about the length of 

 the brown subulate-acuminate scale. Sea-beaches near Nor- 

 folk, Va. (Nat. from Eu.) FIG. 414. 



59. C. Sartw611ii Dewey. Culms stiff and strict, 0.3-1.2 

 m. high, from an elongate dark rootstock ; leaves (2-5 mm. 

 wide) produced into a long slender point, mostly shorter than 

 the culm ; staminate flowers variously disposed, frequently whole 

 spikes being sterile ; head 2.5-7 cm. long and rather narrow, 

 the individual spikes usually clearly defined, or occasionally the 

 head interrupted below, tawny-brown ; perigynium 3-5 mm. 

 long, elliptic or lance-elliptic, nerved on both sides, very gradu- 

 ally contracted into a short beak ; scale blunt, smooth, hyaline- 

 edged, about the length of the perigynium. Bogs, centr. N. Y. 

 to B. C., s. to O., 111., la., S. Dak., etc. June, 

 July. FIG. 415. 



60. C. stenophylla Wahlenb. Stiff, tufted, 

 0.5-2.5 dm. high; leaves pale, involute and 

 shorter than the culm; perigynium ovate, 

 416. C. stenophylla. gradually contracted into a short and entire 415 c Sartwellii> 



rough-edged beak, tightly inclosing the achene, 



at maturity longer than the hyaline acutish scale. Dry grounds, n. la. to 

 the Rocky Mts., and north w. June, July. (Eurasia.) FIG. 416. 



61. C. chordorrhiza L.f. Very extensively stoloniferous; 

 culms mostly lateral and solitary, 1-4.5 dm. long; leaves 

 involute, shorter than the culm ; perigynium compressed-ovoid 

 to sub-globose, short-pointed and entire, 

 about the length of the acute scale. 

 Cold bogs and soft lake-borders, Que. to 

 B. C., s. to Me., Vt., Pa., 111., la., etc.; 



infrequent. May-July. (Eurasia.) FIG. 



417< 41T. C. chordorrhiza. 



62. C. capitata L. Rigid, 0.7-5 dm. high ; leaves fili- 

 form, shorter than the culm ; head uniformly staminate 

 above, brown, very small, 0.5-1 cm. long ; 

 perigynium broadly ovate, very thin, whitish, 

 prominently beaked, nerveless or nearly so, 



erect and appressed, longer than the very 



thin and obtuse scale. Alpine region of 



Mt. Washington, N. H. June- Aug. (Eu.) 413 c capitata 



FIG. 418. 



63. C. maritima O. F. Mueller. Mostly stout ; culm 

 sharp, smooth or rough above, 2-7 dm. high, usually over- 

 topped by the leafy tufts and the broad bracts ; leaves 

 smooth and flat, strongly ribbed, 3.5-10 mm. broad ; pis- 

 tillate spikes 2-6, scattered, 2-8 cm. long, 0.8-2 cm. thick, 

 often staminate at tip ; staminate spikes 2-4, unequal, 

 the terminal 2-6 cm. long ; perigynium nearly orbicular, 



419. C. maritima. 



