ORCHIDACEAE (ORCHIS FAMILY) 305 



Cypripedium, of two stamens and the rudiment of a third, variously coalescent 

 with the style. Anther 2-celled, each cell containing one or more masses of 

 pollen (pollinia}, or the pollen granular (in Cypripedium}. Stigma viscid or 

 (in Cypripedium} rough. Fruit a 1-celled 3-valved capsule. Flowers solitary, 

 racemed, or spiked, often showy, each flower usually subtended by a bract. 

 Leaves parallel-nerved, solitary, or several and alternate, sometimes apparently 

 opposite or whorled. Perennials, often with conns or with tuberoid roots ; 

 sometimes rootless saprophytes. A cosmopolitan family comprising about 7000 

 species largely dependent on insects for pollination. 



I. Fertile anthers 2. 



Tribe I. CYPRIPEDiEAE. Perfect anthers lateral, the sterile one forming a dilated fleshy append- 

 age above the terminal stigma. Pollen granular, not in masses. 



1. Cypripedium. Stems more or less leafy. Perianth spreading ; lip an inflated sac. 



II. Fertile anther solitary. 



* Anthers persistent. 



Tribe II. OPHRYDEAE. Pollinia prolonged at the base of the anthers into filaments or caudicles 

 which are attached to viscid disks or glands. 



2. Orchis. Viscid disks contained in a pouch, or bursicule, of the rostellum. 



3. Habenaria. Viscid disks naked, not contained in a pouch, or bursicule, of the rostellum. 



* * Anthers caducous or readily detachable. 



Tribe III. NEOTTiEAE. Pollen-masses usually soft or granulose. 



- Anther terminal. 



4. Pogonia. Lip without hypochil, free. Column not winged. 



5. Calopogon. Lip without hypochil, free. Column winged at apex. 



6. Arethusa. Lip without hypochil, united to the base of the gynostemium. Column winged 



to the base. 



7. Serapias. Lip provided with a hypochil. 



- -i- Anther dorsal. 

 H- Upper sepal and petals connivent or lightly adherent. 



8. Spiranthes. Pollen waxy or powdery, not divided into a large number of definite masses. 



Lip with appendages at the base ; not saccate. 



9. Epipactis. Pollen divided into a large number of definite masses. Lip saccate, unappendaged. 



H- -H- Sepals and petals free. 



10. Listera. Lip retuse or cleft. 



Tribe IV. EPIDBNDREAE. Pollen-masses smooth and waxy. 

 = Pollen-masses 4, unappendaged. 

 a. Leafless plants. 



11. Corallorrhiza. Plants brownish or yellowish, with coralline rhizomes. 



6. Plants with leaves. 



12. Malaxis. Lip not saccate, cordate at base. Leaves several. 

 18. Microstylis. Lip not saccate. Leaf solitary on the stem. 



14. Liparis. Lip not saccate, obovate. Leaves several. 



15. Calypso. Lip saccate. Leaf solitary. 



16. Aplectrum. Lip not saccate. Leaf solitary from a tuber. 



= =- Pollen-masses 4, each attached by a very short filament to the viscid disk or gland. 



17. Tipularia. Flowers small, greenish, in a many-flowered raceme. Lip 8-lobed. 



= = =, Pollen-masses 8. 



18. HezalectriS. Leafless plants. 



GRAY'S MANUAL 20 



