RANUNCULACEAE (CROWFOOT FAMILY) 395 



carpels in a round head, pointed with a straight beak, slightly roughened, and 

 margined toward the base with a conspicuous tumid border. (R. multifidus 

 Pursh, not Forskal.) Quiet water, centr. Me. to Ont , s. to N. C. and Ark. ; 

 also B. C. to Cal. When rooting out of water or left in the mud of drying ponds 

 it becomes the so called var. TERRESTRIS (Gray) Farwell (R. missouriensis 

 Greene), a mere state, although differing conspicuously in its firmer less finely 

 cut leaves of roundish outline, pubescent petioles, and smaller flowers. 



7. R. Purshii Richards. Wholly immersed and glabrous or creeping upon 

 muddy banks and sparingly to copiously appressed-pubescent ; leaves orbicular 

 in outline, 1-2 cm. in diameter (the submersed somewhat larger), radially 3- 

 cleft, the segments again cut into 2-5 rounded lobes ; flower about 1 cm. broad ; 

 petals bright yellow, not much exceeding the broad similarly colored sepals ; 

 carpels small, ovoid, turgid, smooth, without a distinct border; style short, 

 straightish. Shallow pools and on shores, e. Que. to Alaska, s. to P. E. I., 

 N. S., N. B., Mich., Minn., N. Dak., and in the Rocky Mts. to N. Mex. June- 

 Sept. (Siber.) 



- - Arctic species barely entering our northern limits; leaves all 3(-5)-de/fc or 



^-parted, glabrous. 



8. R. Iapp6nicus L. Creeping; leaves deeply 3-parted, 1.5-4 cm. broad, 

 segments obovate, cuspidately several -toothed ; scapes 6-10 cm. high, 1-leaved 

 near the base ; flower 7-12 mm. broad ; petals oblong, yellow with orange veins ; 

 achenes somewhat fusiform. (Anemone nudicaulis Gray. ) In sphagnum 

 bogs, etc., Greenl. and n. Lab. to the n. shore of L. Superior, n. Minn., and 

 Alaska. (Siber., n. Eu.) 



<-*--- Usually terrestrial but growing in very wet places, glabrous or nearly 

 so ; leaves entire or barely toothed, all or else all but the lowest lanceolate 

 or linear ; carpels forming a globular head. (SPEARWORT.) 



9. R. laxicaiilis (T. & G.) Darby. (WATER PLANTAIN S.) Stems ascend- 

 ing (3-6 dm. long), often rooting from the lower joints ; leaves lanceolate or the 

 lowest oblong, mostly denticulate (4-10 cm. long), contracted into a margined 

 half-clasping petiole ; petals 5-7, bright yellow, oblong (4-6 mm. long); carpels 

 flattened, large (2 mm. long), pointed with a long narrow-subulate beak. (R. 

 obtusinscnlus Raf.?; R. ambigens Wats.) Ditches and muddy places, s. Me. 

 to Ga. and Tenn., chiefly at low altitudes; and from w. N. Y. and s. Ont. to 

 Minn, and Ark. June-Aug. An aquatic state with reduced but undivided 

 leaves occurs. 



10. R. Fldmmula L. (SMALLER S.) Stem reclining or ascending, rooting 

 below ; leaves lanceolate or linear, or the lowest ovate-oblong to lanceolate, en- 

 tire or nearly so, mostly petioled (2-5 cm. long); petals 5-7, much longer than 

 the calyx, bright yellow ; carpels small, flattish but turgid, mucronate with a 

 short abrupt point. Nfd. ; also Ore. (Eurasia.) Passing by insensible grada- 

 tions through an undefinable var. INTERMEDIUS Hook., into 



Var. rSptans (L.) Mey. (CREEPING S.) Small, slender, the filiform creep- 

 ing stems rooting at all the joints ; leaves linear, spatulate, or oblong (6-25 mm. 

 long); flowers small. ( R. reptans L.) Gravelly or sandy shores ; Nfd. to Pa., 

 north w. and westw. June-Sept. (Eu.) Passing in its turn into the still more 

 slender var. FILIFORMIS (Michx.) Hook., with filiform leaves. Similar situations. 



11. R. oblongif61ius Ell. Usually annual ; stem erect or ascending, often 

 pubescent below, slender (3-6 dm. high), diffusely branched above and many- 

 flowered ; leaves serrate or denticulate, lower long-petioled, ovate or oblong 

 (1-3.5 cm. long), uppermost linear; flowers 6-10 mm. broad ; petals 5, bright 

 yellow (3-6 mm. long) ; stamens 12-20 ; carpels minute, almost globular, the 

 small style deciduous. Swamps and low ground, near the coast, Del. to Fla. 

 and Tex., n. in Miss, basin to Mo. and 111. Apr.-Sept. 



12. R. puslllus Poir. Stem ascending, weak, loosely branching (1.5-4.5 dm. 

 long); leaves entire or obscurely denticulate, the lowest round-ovate or heart- 

 shaped (0.7-2 cm. long), long-petioled, the upper oblong or lanceolate (2-4 cm. 

 long) ; flowers very small ; petals 1-5, pale yellowish, about 2 mm. long, scarcely 



