416 FUMARIACEAE (FUMITORY FAMILY) 



1. G. FIAVUM Crantz. Lower leaves pinnatifid ; upper ones sinuate-lobed 

 and toothed, cordate-clasping ; pods rough, 1.5-2.5 dm. long. (G. luteum Scop. ; 

 G. Grlaucium Karst. ) Waste places, s. e. N. E., Md., and Va.; also about 

 Syracuse, N. Y. ; not common. (Adv. from Eu.) 



5. PAP AVER [Tourn.] L. POPPY 



Sepals mostly 2. Petals mostly 4. Stigmas united in a flat 4-20-rayed 

 crown, resting on the summit of the ovary and capsule ; the latter short and 

 turgid, with 4-20 many-seeded placentae projecting like imperfect partitions, 

 opening by as many pores or chinks under the edge of the stigma. Herbs with 

 a white juice ; the flower-buds nodding. (Derivation obscure.) Four annual 

 species of the Old World are sparingly adventive ; vis. : 



1. P. soMNfFERUM L. (COMMON P.) Smooth, glaucous ; leaves clasping, 

 wavy, incised and toothed ; pod globose; corolla mostly white or purple. Near 

 dwellings in some places. (Introd. from Eu.) 



2. P. RHOEAS L. (CORN P.) Bristly ; leaves pinnatifid ; pods obovoid, tur- 

 binate ; corolla bright scarlet, often dark at center. Rubbish heaps and rarely 

 fields. (Introd. from Eu.) 



3. P. DUBIUM L. Pinnatifid leaves and the long stalks bristly ; pods club- 

 shaped, smooth; corolla light scarlet. Cultivated fields and waste grounds, 

 R. I., and southw., rare. (Adv. from Eu.) 



4. P. ARGEMONE L. Smaller, with finer-cut leaves and paler flowers than 

 the last ; pods club-shaped and bristly. Waste grounds, near Philadelphia. 

 (Adv. from Eu.) 



6. ARGEM6NE L. PRICKLY POPPY 



Sepals 2 or 3, often prickly. Petals 4-6. Style almost none ; stigmas 3-6, 

 radiate. Pod ellipsoid, prickly, opening by 3-6 valves at the top. Seeds 

 crested. Annuals or biennials, with prickly bristles and yellow juice. Leaves 

 sessile, sinuate-lobed, and with prickly teeth, often blotched with white. 

 Flower-buds erect, short-peduncled. (Name from &pye/j.a, a disease of the eye, 

 for which the juice of a plant so called by the Greeks was a supposed remedy.) 



1. A. intermedia Sweet. Stout, very glaucous; peduncles leafy; corolla 

 white, 8-10 cm. in diameter. (A. platyceras Man. ed. 6, not Link & Otto.) 

 Meredosia, 111. (Seymour) to Neb., southw. and westw. 



2. A. MEXICA.NA L. (MEXICAN P.) Less glaucous ; flowers smaller, 3-6 cm. 

 broad, yellow or rarely cream-colored (Var. OCHROLELJCA Lindl.). Waste 

 places and ballast, southw.; casual north w. (Adv. from Mex.) 



A. ALBA Lestiboudois, a southern species with white flowers on naked pedun- 

 cles, is said to occur in Mo. 



FUMARIACEAE (FUMITORY FAMILY) 



Delicate smooth herbs, with watery juice, compound dissected leaves, irregu- 

 lar flowers, with 4 somewhat united petals, 6 diadelphous stamens, and 2-merous 

 pods and seeds like those of the Poppy Family. Sepals 2, small and scale-like. 

 Corolla flattened, closed ; the 4 petals in two pairs ; the outer with spreading 

 tips, and one or both of them spurred or saccate at the base ; inner pair nar- 

 rower, and their callous- crested tips united over the stigma. Stamens in two 

 sets of 3 each, placed opposite the larger petals, hypogynous ; their filaments 

 often united ; middle anther of each set 2-celled, the lateral ones 1-celled. Pod 

 1-celled, either 1-seeded and indehiscent, or several-seeded with 2 parietal pla- 

 centae and deciduous valves. Leaves delicate, usually alternate, without stip- 

 ules. Slightly bitter innocent plants. 



