SAXIFRAGACEAE (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY) 451 



Calyx-lobes as long as or exceeding the tube. 

 Stamens at length equaling or exceeding the calyx-lobes ; berry smooth. 



Calyx 9-12 mm. long 8. R. graoile. 



Calyx 5-7 mm. long. 

 Petioles usually bearing only simple elongate glands ; bracts of the 



raceme mostly rounded at tip 4. R. rottmdifolium. 



Petioles bearing mostly compound elongate trichomes ; bracts of 



the raceme mostly pointed. 

 Principal leaves cuneate to truncate at base. 



Mature leaves glabrate or slightly pilose beneath . . 5. R. oxyacanthoidex. 



Mature leaves densely soft-pubescent . . (5) R. osoj/acanthoides, v. calcicola. 

 Principal leaves subcordate at base . . . (5) R. oxyacanthoides, v. naxosum 

 Stamens distinctly shorter than the calyx-lobes ; berry hairy or glandular 6. R. Grossularia. 



* * Flowers several in elongate racemes. (CURKANTS.) 

 Calyx campanulate to saucer-shaped. 



Leaves sprinkled, at least beneath, with resinous atoms ; calyx cam- 

 panulate ; fruit black. 

 Calyx-tube equaling the lobes. 



Bracts shorter than the pedicels 8. R. nigrum. 



Bracts longer than the pedicels 7. R.floridum. 



Calyx open-campanulate, the lobes much exceeding the short tube . 9. R. kudsonianwn. 

 Leaves with no resinous atoms (except occasional glands on the pedi- 

 cels) ; calyx flatfish. 



Stems densely covered with prickles ; fruit black . . . . 10. R. lacustre. 

 Stems without prickles ; fruit red. 



Ovary and berries glandular-bristly 11. R. prostratum. 



Ovary and berries smooth. 



Upright shrub ; middle lobe of leaf ovate ; pedicels without capi- 

 tate glands ; calyx yellowish 12. R. vulgare. 



Decumbent shrub ; middle lobe of leaf deltoid ; pedicels with 



capitate glands ; calyx purplish 18. R. triste. 



Calyx salver-form, with elongate tube 14. R. aureum 



1. R. Cyn6sbati L. (PRICKLY G., DOGBERRY.) Infra-axillary spines slender, 

 0.5-1 cm. long; leaves round-ovate, rounded or subcordate at base, soft-pubes- 

 cent ; racemes loose, 2.5-6 cm. long ; stamens and undivided style not longer than 

 the broadly bell-shaped calyx; berries large, armed with long prickles or rarely 

 smooth. Rocky woods, w. Me. to the mts. of N. C., w. to Man. and Mo. 

 Var. GLABRA.TUM Fernald. Leaves glabrate or only sparingly pilose on the 

 nerves beneath. O. to N. C. 



2. R, huron6nse Rydb. Said to resemble E. Cynosbati, but with shorter 

 racemes, calyx-tube slender, and styles united only below the middle. L. Huron. 



3. R. gracile Michx. (MISSOURI G.) Spines often long (7-17 mm.), stout 

 and red ; peduncles long and slender ; flowers white or whitish ; filaments capil- 

 lary, 1-1.5 cm. long, generally connivent or closely parallel, soon conspicuously 

 longer than the oblong-linear calyx-lobes. (_R. missouriense Nutt. ) Ct. to S. 

 Dak. and south w. 



4. R. rotundifblium Michx. Spines short (2-5 mm. long); leaves rather firm, 

 sparingly pilose beneath, mostly rounded at base; peduncles short; flowers 

 greenish or the lobes dull purplish ; filaments slender, 4-7 mm. long, more or 

 less exceeding the narrowly oblong-spatulate calyx-lobes. Rocky banks, w. 

 Mass, and N. Y., s. in the Alleghenies to N. C. 



5. R. oxyacanthoides L. (SMOOTH G.) Spines 3-8 mm. long; leaves thin 

 but leathery, glabrescent, the petioles often with some naked glands among the 

 compound trichomes ; peduncles very short ; flowers greenish yellow to dull pur- 

 plish ; stamens usually equaling the rather broadly oblong mostly glabrous calyx- 

 lobes. Nfd. to Pa., w. to N. Dak. and Man. The common smooth-f raited 

 gooseberry of the North, the whitish prickles and spines often numerous. Var. 

 CALcfcoLA Fernald. Leaves densely soft-pubescent; calyx pubescent. Marly 

 swamps and limestone rocks, e. Que. and n. Mich. Var. 8Ax6suM (Hook.) 

 Coville. Calyx and subcordate leaves essentially glabrous. Nfd., e. Que., Cape 

 Breton I., L. Superior, Rocky Mts. 



(>. R GROSSULA.RIA L. (EUROPEAN G.) Spines stout, 1-1.5 cm. long; 

 peduncles very short, \(rarely ^-flowered; valyx hirsute, its lobes oblong. 

 (R. Uva-crispa L.) Escaped from cultivation and locally established in Que., 

 N. E., and the Middle States. (Introd. from Eu.) 



7. R. fl6ridum L'He'r. (WILD BLACK C.) Leaves slightly heart-shaped^ 



