452 HAMAMELIDACEAE (WITCH-HAZEL FAMILY) 



sharply 3-5-lobed, doubly serrate; racemes drooping, downy, the elongate bracts 

 persistent ; flowers large, yellow and whitish ; calyx tubular-bell-shaped, smooth, 

 8-10 mm. long. Alluvial thickets and rich banks, N. B. to Assina., and southw. 



8. R. NIGRUM L. (BLACK C. of gardens.) Similar, but the pubescent calyx 

 5-6 mm. long, the tube broadly campanulate, greenish purple and dull whitish. 

 Cultivated, and occasionally escaping to thickets, etc. (Jntrod. from. Eu.) 



9. R. hudsonianutn Richards. Similar, but the short racemes upright or 

 spreading, the short bracts caducous; the white calyx 4-5 mm. long, the tube 

 much shorter than the spreadiny-ascending lobes. Swamps, Hudson Bay to 

 Minn., westw. and north westw. 



10. R. lacustre (Pers.) Poir. (SWAMP BLACK 0.) Young stems clothed with 

 bristly prickles and with weak thorns; leaves heart-shaped, 3-5-parted, with the 

 lobes deeply cut ; racemes loosely spreading or drooping, the rhachis, pedicels, 

 and ovary glandular-bristly ; calyx broad and flat ; stamens and style not 

 longer than the petals ; fruit bristly, purplish black. Cold woods and swamps, 

 Nfd. to B. C., s. ton. N. E., Mich., Minn., Col., andn. Cal., and in the tuts, to Pa. 



11. R. prostratum L'HSr. (SKUNK C.) Stems reclined; leaves deeply 

 heart-shaped, 5-7-lobed, smooth, the lobes ovate, acute, doubly serrate ; racemes 

 erect, slender; calyx flattish ; pedicels and red fruit glandular-bristly. Damp 

 woods and rocks, Lab. to Athabasca, s. to n. N. E., Mich., Minn., and along 

 the mts. to N. C. 



12. R. VULGARE Lam. (RED C. of gardens.) Suberect; leaves mostly cordate, 

 slightly pubescent beneath or glabrate, the mature blades 3.5-6.5 cm. wide, broad- 

 ened upward, 3-5-lobed, the lobes mostly short-ovate ; racemes borne chiefly 

 among the leafy shoots, spreading in anthesis, drooping in fruit, 3-5 (becoming 

 7) cm. long, the rhachis glabrous though often glandular ; pedicels mostly gland- 

 less ; calyx yellow-green, its segments oval and abruptly narrowed below the 

 middle ; petals narrowly cuneate ; disks between the stamens and the slightly 

 cleft style a high narrow ring with round-scalloped margin ; fruit plump and 

 juicy. (J?. rubrum Man. ed. 6, not L.) Commonly cultivated, and frequently 

 escaping to fence-rows, thickets, and open woods. (Nat. from Eu.) 



13. R. triste Pall. (SWAMP RED C.) Straggling or reclining, the branches 

 often rooting freely ; leaves somewhat heart-shaped, the mature blades 5-10 cm. 

 broad, the sides nearly parallel, the lobes mostly broad- deltoid, permanently 

 white-tomentose beneath ; racemes borne on the old wood chiefly below the leafy 

 tufts, drooping, 3.5-9 cm. long; pedicels mostly glandular ; calyx smoke-color 

 to purplish, the segments broadly cuneate to subrhombic, as broad as or broader 

 than long ; petals broadly cuneate ; disk a low broad pentagon ; style deeply 

 cleft ; fruit mostly small and hard. ( E. rubrum, var. subglandulosum Maxim.) 

 Cold woods, swamps, and subalpine regions, Nfd. to Alaska, s. to Me. and Vt. 

 (Asia.) Var. ALBINERVIUM (Michx.) Fernald. Leaves glabrous or glabrate 

 beneath. More common, extending s. to N. S., N. H., Vt., Mich., Wise., etc. 



14. R. aureum Pursh. (MISSOURI or BUFFALO C.) Tall spineless shrub ; 

 leaves 3-5-lobed, rarely at all cordate, convolute in bud ; racemes short ; flowers 

 golden-yellow, spicy-fragrant ; tube of salver-form calyx 3-4 times longer than 

 the oval lobes ; stamens short ; berries yellow or black. Banks of streams, 

 Minn, to Mo., Ark., and westw. ; also common in cultivation. 



HAMAMELIDACEAE (WITCH-HAZEL FAMILY) 



Shrubs or trees, with alternate simple leaves and deciduous stipules ; flowers 

 in heads or spikes, often polygamous or monoecious; the calyx adhering to 

 the base of the ovary, which consists of 2 pistils united below, and forms a 

 2-beaked 2-celled woody capsule, opening at the summit, with a single bony seed 

 in each cell, or several, only one or two of them ripening. Petals inserted on 

 the calyx, narrow, valvate or involute in the bud, or often none at all. Stamens 

 twice as many as the petals, and half of them sterile and changed into scales, or 



