460 ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 



fruit on elongated pedicels, globose, crimson or purplish. Dry open woodlands, 

 common. Dwarf forms with somewhat smaller flowers are found in sterile 

 rocky ground. 



Var. Botryapium (L. f.) T. & G. Leaves densely tomentose when young, 

 retaining a sparing soft pubescence even in age' or tardily glabrate ; in other 

 respects like the typical form. Open ground and wooded hillsides, s. Me. to 

 n. N. H., Mich., and southw. 



2. A. oblongifblia (T. & G.) Roem. Shrub or small tree, 2-6 m. high ; the 

 young leaves and racemes densely white-tomentose ; leaves oblong, usually 

 rounded at each end or mucronate, finely and evenly serrate, at length glabrate, 

 usually pale-green especially beneath, 4-6 cm. long, 1.5-2.8 cm. broad ; flowers 

 numerous, smaller, in rather dense racemes ; petals obovate or short-oblong ; 

 fruit similar, but more juicy and on shorter pedicels. (A. canadensis, var. 

 T. & G.) Moist woods and rocky uplands, N. B. to Va., Mo., and Minn. 

 Highly variable, passing into forms with broader elliptical or ovate-lanceolate 

 acutish leaves of deeper green color (being the A. spicata of many auth., not 

 C. Koch) . Apparently intergrades with other species. Noteworthy is 



Var. micropStala Robinson. Dwarf, 3-9 dm. high ; petals 4-7 mm. long, 

 spatulate-oblong to narrowly obovate. Exposed ledges of rocky hills or dry 

 sandy soil, e. Mass, to Ct., near the coast. 



3. A. spicata (Lam.) C. Koch. Shrub, 1-3 m. high ; leaves at first covered 

 especially beneath with dense pale yellow tomentum (tardily deciduous as floc- 

 culent wool), oval or suborbicular, 3-8 cm. long, 2.3-5.5 cm. wide, coarsely 

 dentate toward the end or more often nearly to the base ; veins stronger, 

 straighter, and more numerous than in the other species ; fruit dark purple, 

 autumnal. (Mespilus canadensis, var. rotundifolia Michx. ; A. rotundifolia 

 Roem.; A. alnifolia of some auth., not Nutt.) Banks of streams, e. Que. 

 to centr. Me., and westw. about the Great Lakes ; s. on mts. to w. Mass. 

 (Hoffmann} . 



4. A. oligocarpa (Michx.) Roem. Shrub, 1-3 m. high, early glabrate or nearly 

 so ; leaves thin, oblong or oval, finely serrate, 3-5 cm. long, usually acute at 

 the base ; flowers few, solitary and terminal or in terminal fascicle-like racemes 

 of 2-4 ; petals oblong-obovate ; fruit often broadly pyriform, at length usually 

 subglobose, dark purple, with dense bloom. (A. arguta Nutt.) Cold swamps 

 and mt. woods, Lab. to n. N. E., and westw. to L. Superior. 



8. CRATAEGUS L. HAWTHORN. WHITE THORN 

 REVISED BY W. W. EGGLESTON 



Calyx-tube cup-shaped or campanulate, adnate to the carpels, the limb 5-cleft. 

 Petals 5, white (rarely pink), roundish, inserted on the margin of the disk in 

 the throat of the calyx. Stamens 5-25, inserted in 1-3 rows ; filaments filiform ; 

 anthers oblong, white, yellow, or red. Ovary inferior or its summit free ; car- 

 pels 1-5 ; styles 1-5, distinct, persistent, usually surrounded at base by tomen- 

 tum ; stigmas terminal. Pome small, yellow, red, more rarely blue or black ; 

 containing 1-5 bony nutlets, each usually 1-seeded. Seed erect, the testa mem- 

 branaceous. Thorny shrubs or small trees, with simple usually lobed leaves 

 (those on vigorous vegetative shoots often of different shape and more deeply 

 cut) ; stipules linear-lanceolate, very deciduous (those on vegetative shoots much 

 wider and often persistent). Flowers in corymbs. (Name from Kpdros, strength, 

 because of the hardness and toughness of the wood.) A genus of exceptional 

 taxomic difficulty, best developed in the great limestone areas of temperate 

 eastern America, the numerous nearly related species still subject to widely 

 different interpretation by specialists and capable at the present time only of a 

 tentative and provisional treatment. 



