ROSACEAE (ROSE FAMILY) 463 



from shallow to deep, have all the appearance of natural hybrids between these 

 two species. (C. persimilis Sarg. ; C. prunifolia of European gardens, in part.) 

 Occasional. 



3. C. pratSnsis Sarg. Leaves ovate-orbicular, 2-6 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, 

 coarsely or doubly serrate ; flowers about 1 cm. wide ; calyx-lobes remotely 

 (jlandular-serrate, glabrous ; stamens about 10 ; anthers yellow or pink ; styles 

 '2-3 ; fruit short-ovoid to compressed-globose, dull reddish-green ; flesh somewhat 

 succulent, mealy, yellow ; nutlets 2-3, about 5 mm. long; nest of nutlets about 

 5 mm. thick. (C. Palmeri Sarg.; C. grandis Ashe.) Low rich soil, 111. and 

 Mo. Fl. May ; fr. Oct. 



4. C. Canbyi Sarg. Leaves oblong-obovate, 2.5-8 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, 

 doubly serrate, often lobed toward the apex; corymbs glabrous; flowers about 

 1.5 cm. wide; styles 3-5; fruit short-ellipsoidal to globose, 1-1.6 cm. long, 

 dark crimson; flesh bright red, succulent ; the 3-5 nutlets 7-8 mm. long; nest 

 of nutlets 6-7 mm. thick. (C. Pennypackeri Sarg.) Occasional, e. Pa. and 

 Md. Fl. May ; fr. Oct. 



6. C. feciinda Sarg. Leaves oblong-obovate to oval, 3-9 cm. long, 2-7 cm. 

 wide, doubly serrate, the veins strongly marked ; corymbs slightly villous ; 

 flowers about 2 cm. wide; calyx-lobes coarsely glandular-serrate; stamens about 

 10 ; anthers purple ; styles 2-4 ; fruit short-ellipsoid to subglobose, 2-2.5 cm. 

 long, orange-red, slightly pubescent; calyx-lobes erect; flesh thick; nutlets 

 usually 2-3, 8-10 mm. long; nest of nutlets 8-10 mm. thick. Rich bottom 

 lands, s. w. Ind. to s. e. Mo. Fl. May; fr. Oct. 



6. C. berberif&lia T. & G. Leaves oblong-cuneiform, spatulate, or obovate, 

 2-6 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, rounded or acute arid serrate toward the apex, 

 rough-pubescent above, white-pubescent or -tomentose beneath; petioles 1 cm. 

 long, densely tomentose ; corymbs densely villous ; flowers about 1.6 cm. wide ; 

 calyx-lobes slightly villous; stamens about 20; anthers yellow; styles 2-3; 

 fruit subglobose, about 1 cm. thick, orange or red, slightly pubescent ; flesh 

 yellow; nutlets 2-3, about 6 mm. long ; nest of nutlets about 6 mm. thick. 

 Gulf States. A specimen from Mercersburg, Pa. (Porter) appears intermediate 

 between this and the following. 



Var. Engelmanni (Sarg.) Eggleston. Less pubescent; stamens about 10; 

 anthers pink. Va. and Mo. Fl. May; fr. Oct. 



3. PUNCTATAE Loud. Leaves obovate to oblong, impressed-veined and 

 usually rather dull above, mostly pubescent beneath particularly along the 

 veins, acute or acuminate at the apex, sharply ^uneate at the base, serrate, 

 doubly serrate, or slightly lobed, but nearly entire toward the base, subcoria- 

 ceous ; petioles 1-2 cm. long, slightly winged above ; corymbs many-flowered ; 

 calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate, entire or sometimes glandular-margined; 

 stamens 10-20; styles 2-5; fruit green, yellow, or red; flesh hard, thick; 

 calyx usually flattened ; nutlets 2-5, ridged on the back ; flat-topped trees, 

 3-10 m. high, with grayish-brown bark; spines straight, 2-7 cm. long. 



Fruit ellipsoidal, glabrous ; nutleis usually 8-4. 



Leaves bright yellow-green above ; nest of nutlets longer than thick . 7. C. pausiaca. 



Leaves dull gray -green above ; nest of nutlets about as long as thick . 8. C. punctata. 

 Fruit globose, glabrous or pubescent ; calyx somewhat prominent; nutlets 4-5. 



Fruit glabrous, green to scarlet; Canadian 9. C. ttuborliciilala. 



Fruit villous, red ; southern 10. C. collina. 



7. C. pausiaca Ashe. Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, 3-6 cm. long, 1.6-4 cm. 

 wide, dark vivid yellow-green and glabrous above; corymbs pubescent ; flowers 

 1.2-1.6 cm. wide; calyx glabrous, its lobes slightly pubescent inside; stamens 

 10-15 ; anthers dark pink ; fruit ellipsoidal-pyriform, about 8 mm. thick, dull 

 brick-red; flesh greenish-yellow; nutlets usually 3, 7-10 mm. long; nest of 

 nutlets 6-10 mm. thick. Abundant in Pa. Intermediate between C. Crus- 

 galli and C. punctata, and to be expected wherever these two species are found. 

 Fl. May ; fr. Oct. 



8. C. punctata Jacq. Leaves 2-8 cm. long, 1-5 cm. broad, dull gray-green 

 and strongly impressed-veined above ; corymbs tomentose ; flowers about 2 cm. 



