EUPHORBIACEAE (SPUKGE FAMILY) 545 



composed of <pt\\oi>, Ip.af, and &v0os, blossom, because the flowers in a few species 

 are borne upon leaf -like dilated branches.) 



1. P. carcliniSnsis Walt. Annual, low and slender, branched ; leaves obovate 

 or oval, short-petioled ; flowers commonly 2 in each axil, almost sessile, one 

 starninate, the other fertile ; calyx 6-parted ; stamens 3 ; styles 3, each 2-cleft ; 

 glands of the disk in the fertile flowers united into a cup. Gravelly banks, 

 e. Pa. to centr. 111., s. e. Mo., and southw. 



11. ANDRACHNE L. 



Flowers monoecious, pedicellate, the sterile petaliferous, fasciculate, the 

 fertile often petaliferous, usually solitary in the axils. Stamens and calyx- 

 segments 5-6. Pod dry, splitting into three 2-valved carpels. Shrubs and 

 undershrubs, with many ascending leafy branches. Leaves oval or obovate, 

 entire. (From dvdpdxvr], classic Greek for the purslane.) 



1. A. phyllanthoides (Nutt.) Muell. Arg. Nearly glabrous shrub ; stems and 

 ascending simple branches lithe ; leaves broadly obovate, membranaceous, 1.5 

 cm. long, shortly petiolate ; pedicels capillary, 7-14 cm. long ; petals in the 

 sterile flowers about as long as the obovate calyx-segments, in the fertile obsoles- 

 cent. Rocky and gravelly places, s. Mo. to Tex. 



12. EUPH6RBIA L. SPURGE 



Flowers monoecious, included in a cup-shaped 4-5-lobed involucre {flower of 

 older authors) resembling a calyx or corolla, and usually bearing large thick 

 glands (with or without petal-like margins) at its sinuses. Sterile flowers nu- 

 merous and lining the base of the involucre, each from the axil of a little bract, 

 and consisting merely of a single stamen jointed on a pedicel like the filament ; 

 anther-cells globular, separate. Fertile flower solitary in the middle of the 

 involucre, soon protruded on a long pedicel, consisting of a 3-lobed and 3-celled 

 ovary with no calyx (or a mere vestige) . Styles 3, each 2-cleft ; the stigmas 

 therefore 6. Pod separating into three 1-seeded carpels, which split elastically 

 into 2 valves. Seed often caruncled (ours only in 5 and 6). Plants (ours 

 essentially herbaceous) with a milky acrid juice. Peduncles terminal, often 

 umbellate-clustered ; in the first section mostly appearing lateral, but not really 

 axillary. (Named for Euphorbus, physician to King Juba.) 



A. Glands of the involucre with petal-like usually white or rose-colored margins 

 or appendages ; these almost obsolete in no. 1. 



1. ANISOPHYLLUM Roper. Leaves all opposite, short-petioled, small, oblique 

 at base; stipules awl -shaped or scaly and often fringed, persistent ; stems 

 much branched, spreading or usually procumbent ; involucres solitary in the 

 forks or in terminal or pseudo-lateral clusters, small, with 4 glands; 

 annuals. 



* Seeds smooth and even ; leaves entire ; whole plant glabrous. 



- Leaves oblong to linear, 6-20 mm. long ; pod 2-3 mm. in length. 



*-* Appendages of the involucral glands minute or none. 



1. E. polygonifblia L. (SEASIDE S.) Prostrate-spreading; leaves oblong- 

 linear, obtuse, mucronate, slightly cordate or obtuse at base, 8-16 mm. long; 

 stipules setaceously divided ; peduncles in the forks, as long as the petioles ; 

 lobes of the involucre longer than the minute not appendaged glands; pods 

 obtusely angled ; seeds ovate, over 2 mm. long, the largest of this section. 

 Sandy shores of the Atlantic (from N. S. southw.) and of the Great Lakes ; also 

 reported from centr. la. and westw. 



2. E. Geydri Engelm. Procumbent ; leaves oblong-ovate, obtuse, slightly 

 mucronate, mostly acutish at base, lowermost cordate, 6-12 mm. long ; stipules 

 setaceously divided ; peduncles as long as the petioles, at length in loose foli- 

 aceous lateral clusters ; glands with narrow white or red appendages ; pods 



GRAY'S MANUAL 35 



