564 VITACEAE (VINE FAMILY) 



compound thyrse, very fragrant ; pedicels mostly umbellate-clustered. Leaves 

 simple, rounded and heart-shaped. (The classical Latin name.) 



Lower surface of leaves velvety-tomentose or covered with flocculent wool. 



Berries large, 14-18 mm. in diameter ........ 1. V. labrusca. 



Berries smaller, rarely over 12 mm. in diameter. 

 Branchlets terete or nearly so, glabrous, glabrate, or retaining only floccu- 



lent remnants of wool. 

 Branchlets, petioles, and lower surface of leaves covered with somewhat 



persistent reddish flocculent wool ....... 2. V. aestivalis. 



Branchlets even when young glabrous or nearly so ; lower surface of 



leaves very pale and glaucous, at length nearly smooth 

 Branchlets distinctly angled, covered with a fine dense and persistent 



h . . . 3. V. bicolor. 



gray tomentum ........... 4. V. cinerea. 



Lower surface of the leaves merely pubescent (chiefly along or in the axils of 



the nerves) or glabrous. 

 Leaves very glaucous or even whitened beneath ...... 8. V. bicolor. 



Leaves green beneath. 



Bark of stem loose and shredding ; berries 7-10 mm. in diameter. 

 Leaves ovate to suborbicular ; berries mostly acid ; tall climbers. 

 Teeth of leaves narrowly deltoid or even lanceolate, sharply acumi- 



nate, and often slightly falcate ; berries blue, with copious bloom 6. V. vulpina. 

 Teeth of leaves broadly deltoid, cuspidate ; berries black or dark 



purple, with little or no bloom. 

 Leaves scarcely or not at all 3-lobed ; the basal sinus mostly rather 



deep, narrow, and acutish ........ 5. V. cordifolia. 



Leaves habitually and rather incisely 3(-5)-lobed; the basal sinus 



mostly wide, shallow, and rounded ...... 7. V. palmata. 



Leaves reniform or depressed-ovate, broader than long ; berries sweet ; 



bushy or sprawling ......... 8. V. rupestris. 



Bark of stem close and firm ; berries 12-18 mm. in diameter . . . 9. V. rotund if olia. 



1. EUVTTIS Planch. Bark loose and shreddy ; tendrils forked; nodes solid. 

 * A tendril (or inflorescence) opposite each of several successive leaves, 



1. V. labriisca L. (NORTHERN Fox G.) Branchlets and young leaves very 

 woolly ; leaves large, entire or deeply lobed, slightly dentate, continuing rusty- 

 woolly beneath ; fertile panicles compact ; berries large. Moist or dry thickets, 

 N. E. to the Allegheny Mts., and s. to Ga.; also n. w. Ind. Fruit ripe in Sept. 

 or Oct., dark purple or amber-color, with a tough musky pulp. Improved by 

 cultivation, it has given rise to the Isabella, Catawba, Concord, and other 

 varieties. 



* * Tendrils intermittent (none opposite each third leaf}. 

 i- Leaves pubescent andfloccose, especially beneath and when young. 



2. V. aestivalis Michx. (SUMMER or PIGEON G.) Branchlets terete, loosely 

 pubescent ; leaves large, unlobed or more or less deeply and obtusely 3-5-lobed, 

 with short broad teeth, very woolly and mostly red or rusty when young, tawny- 

 flocculent even in age ; petioles rather short, pubescent ; berries middle-sized, 

 black, with a bloom, in compact bunches. Thickets, s. N. H. to Fla., w. to 

 Kan. and Tex. May, June. Berries pleasant, ripe in Sept. 



3. V. bicolor Le Conte. (SUMMER G.) Branchlets terete, glabrous or nearly 

 so ; petioles long, glabrous ; leaves thickish, very glaucous and early glabrate 

 beneath ; teeth less salient ; otherwise resembling the preceding. N. H. to 

 N. C., and westw. 



4. V. cindrea Engelm. (SWEET WINTER G.) Branchlets angular; pubes- 

 cence whitish or grayish, persistent ; leaves entire or slightly 3-lobed ; inflores- 

 cence large and loose ; berries small, black, without bloom. Centr. 111. to Kan. 

 and Tex. 



fr- *- Leaves glabrous and mostly shining, or short-hairy especially on the ribs 

 beneath, incisely lobed or undivided. 



5. V. cordifblia Michx. (FROST or CHICKEN G.) Leaves 7.5-10 cm. wide, 

 unlobed or slightly 3-lobed, cordate with a deep acute sinus, acuminate, coarsely 

 and sharply toothed ; stipules small ; inflorescence ample, loose ; berries small, 

 black and shining, very acerb, ripening after frosts ; seeds 1 or 2, with promi- 

 nent rhaphe. (V. Baileyana Munson.} Thickets and stream-banks, Pa., s. 



