568 MALVACEAE (MALLOW FAMILY) 



coast of N. E. and N. Y., also locally westw. to Mich, and Ark. Aug., Sept. 

 Perennial root thick, abounding in mucilage. (Nat. from Eu.) 



A. CANNABINA L. , with digitately 5-parted leaves, is said to be somewhat 

 established at Washington, D. C. (Adv. from Eu.) 



A. R6SEA Cav., the HOLLYHOCK of gardens, sometimes persists after culti- 

 vation. 



7. MALVA [Tourn.] L. MALLOW 



Calyx with a 3-leaved involucel at the base, like an outer calyx. Petals 

 obcordate. Styles numerous, stigmatic down the inner side. Fruit depressed, 

 separating at maturity into as many 1-seeded and indehiscent round kidney- 

 shaped blunt carpels as there are styles. Radiele pointing downward. (An old 

 Latin name, from the Greek name, yuaXdxr;, having allusion to the emollient 

 leaves.) 



* Flowers fascicled in the axils. 



1. M. ROTUNDIF6LIA L. (COMMON M., CHEESES.) Stems procumbent from 

 a deep biennial root ; leaves round-heart-shaped, on very long petioles, crenate, 

 obscurely lobed ; petals twice the length of the calyx, whitish ; carpels pubes- 

 cent, even. Waysides and cultivated grounds, common. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. M. VERTICILIATA L. Erect annual, with round crenately 5-7-lobed leaves ; 

 flowers small, pale, sessile, crowded in the axils ; carpels slightly reticulated. 

 Roadsides, waste places, etc., N. S., Que., and w. Vt. ; Pa. (Nat. from Asia.) 

 M. CRfspA L. (the CL T RLED M.), which scarcely differs save in its crisped leaves, 

 is occasionally spontaneous about gardens, etc. (Adv. from Eu.) 



3. M. SYLVESTRIS L. (HIGH M. ) Biennial; stem erect, branched, 6-9 dm. 

 high ; leaves sharply 5-7 -lobed ; petals thrice the length of the calyx, large, 

 purple and rose-color ; carpels wrinkled- veiny. Waysides and about gardens, 

 rarely escaped from cultivation. (Introd. from Eu.) 



* * Flowers only in the upper axils, somewhat racemose or paniculate. 



4. M. MOSCH\TA L. (MosK M.) A low perennial, with mostly simple 

 pubescence; stem-leaves 5-parted, and the divisions once or twice parted or cleft 

 into linear lobes, faintly musky-scented ; flowers rose-color or white, large, on 

 short peduncles crowded on the stem and branches ; fruit downy. Fields and 

 roadsides, abundant in e. Canada and n. N. E., occasional elsewhere. (Nat. 

 from Eu.) 



5. M. ALCEA L. Similar, with short stellate pubescence ; stem-leaves only 

 once 5-parted or -cleft, the lobes incised ; large flowers as in the last ; fruit 

 smooth ; bractlets of the involucel ovate. Escaped from gardens in N. E., Pa., 

 and Mich. (Introd. from Eu. ) 



8. CALLiRHOE Nutt. POPPY MALLOW 



Calyx either naked or with a 3-leaved involucel at its base. Petals wedge- 

 shaped and truncate (usually red-purple). Styles, etc., as in Malva. Carpels 

 10-20, straightish, with a short empty beak, separated within from the 1-seeded 

 cell by a narrow projection, indehiscent or partly 2-valved. Eadicle pointing 

 downward. (Name drawn from Greek mythology.) 



* Involucel 3-leaved. 



1. C. triangulata (Leavenw.) Gray. Stellate-pubescent; stems nearly erect, 

 6 dm. high, from a fusiform root ; leaves triangular or halberd-shaped, or the 

 lowest rather heart-shaped, coarsely crenate; the upper incised or 3-5-cleft ; 

 flowers panicled, short-pediceled, purple ; involucel as long as the 5-cleft 5-nerved 

 calyx ; carpels not rugose. Dry prairies, Ind. to Minn., and southw. 



2. C. involucrata (T. & G.) Gray. Hirsute or hispid, procumbent; leaves 

 rounded, 5-7-parted or -cleft, the segments incisely lobed ; peduncles elongated, 

 1-flowered ; calyx 5-parted, the lanceolate 3-5-nerved sepals twice as long as 

 the involucel ; petals red or purplish ; carpels indehiscent, rugose-reticulated. 

 Minn, to Tex., and westw. 



