PASSIFLORACEAE (PASSION FLOWER FAMILY) 587 



42. V. rostrata Pursh. (LONG-SPURRED V.) Stems often numerous, com- 

 monly 1-1.2 dm. high ; leaves round-heart-shaped, nearly or quite glabrous, ser- 

 rate, the upper acute or pointed ; petals lilac-colored with a violet spot near the 

 center, borne on long peduncles above the leaves ; cleistogamous flowers with 

 minute or abortive petals appearing later on short peduncles from the axils of the 

 upper leaves ; capsules ovoid, 3-5 mm. long, glabrous ; seeds yellowish-brown. 

 Shaded hillsides, w. Que. to Mich., and southw. in the Alleghenies to Ga. 



7. Style much enlarged upward into a globose hollow summit with a wide ori- 

 fice on the lower side (Fig. 812) ; stipules large, leaf -like, lyrate-pinnatifid. 



Stipules pinnatisect at the base ; upper leaves crenately serrate ; introduced 

 species. 



Petals 2-3 times as long as the sepals 48. V. tricolor. 



Petals seldom longer than the sepals 44. V. arvensis. 



Stipules palmately pectinate at the base ; upper leaves entire or nearly so ; 



indigenous 46. V. Rafinesquii. 



43. V. TRICOLOR L. (PANSY, HEART'S-EASE.) Stems angled, 1.5-3 dm. 

 high ; lower leaves roundish or cordate, upper oblong, crenate ; flowers large 



and widely spreading, variously marked with yellow, white, and 

 purple ; capsules ovoid ; seeds brown. An escape from cultiva- 

 tion, rarely persisting. (Introd. from Eu.) FIG. 812. 



44. V. ARVENSIS Murr. (WILD PANSY.) Similar to the pre- 

 ceding, but smaller ; petals all pale yellow, usually shorter than 

 the rather long lanceolate acute sepals ; capsules globose. Old 

 fields, frequent, Nfd. to N. E. and Ont. (Nat. from Eu.) 



46. V. Rafinesquii Greene. (WILD PANSY.) Very slender, 

 often branched from the base ; root annual ; leaves small, the 

 earliest suborbicular, on slender petioles, the later obovate to 

 linear-oblanceolate, attenuate at the base ; internodes usually 

 exceeding the leaves ; flowers small, 7-10 mm. long, the obovate 



812. V. tricolor, bluish- white to cream-colored petals nearly twice the length of 

 the sepals. ( V. tenella Raf . , not Poir. ; V. tricolor, var. arvensis 



Man. ed. 6, not DC.) Woods and open places, N. Y. to Mich., Tex., and Ga. 



PASSIFLORACEAE (PASSION FLOWER FAMILY) 



Herbs or woody plants, climbing by tendrils, with perfect flowers, 5 monadel- 

 phous stamens, and a stalked \-celled ovary free from the calyx, with 3 or 4 

 parietal placentae, and as many club-shaped styles. 



1. PASSIFL6RA L. PASSION FLOWER 



Calyx of 5 sepals shortly united at the base ; the throat crowned with a double 

 or triple fringe. Petals 5, on the throat of the calyx. Filaments united into a 

 tube which sheathes the long stalk of the ovary, separate above ; anthers large, 

 fixed by the middle. Berry (often edible) many-seeded. Leaves alternate, 

 generally palmately lobed, with stipules. Peduncles axillary, jointed. Ours 

 are perennial herbs. (An adaptation of flos passionis, a translation oifior della 

 passione, the popular Italian name early applied to the flower from a fancied 

 resemblance of its parts to the implements of the crucifixion.) 



1. P. lutea L. Smooth, slender ; leaves obtusely 3-lobed at the summit, the 

 lobes entire; petioles glandless ; flowers greenish-yellow, 2.5 cm. broad; fruit 

 1.2 cm. in diameter. Damp thickets, s. Pa. to Mo., Tex., and Fla. 



2. P. incarnata L. Pubescent ; leaves 3-6-c/e/Z, the lobes serrate, the base 

 bearing 2 glands ; flower large (5 cm. broad), nearly white, with a triple purple 

 and flesh-colored crown ; involucre 3-leaved ; fruit as large as a hen's egg. 

 Dry soil, Va. to Fla., w. to Mo. and Tex. Fruit called MAYPOPS. 



