UMBELLIFERAE (PARSLEY FAMILY) 621 



perennial herb, with branched stems, large bipinnate leaves with rhombic- 

 obovate and compound conspicuously involucrate umbels. (Name said to be a 

 corruption of Ligusticum.) 



1. L. OFFICIN\LE (L.) Koch. Essentially glabrous ; leaflets coarsely toothed 

 toward the apex, entire at the cuneate base. (L. Levisticum Karst.) Culti- 

 vated for the aromatic qualities especially of its seeds, and now occasionally 

 found as a local escape. (Introd. from s. Eu.) 



39. ANETHUM [Tourn.] L. DILL 



Petals yellow. Fruit elliptical, flattened dorsally, the lateral ribs winged. 

 Involucre and involucels none. Slender caulescent annuals with finely divided 

 leaves, and compound umbels. ("Avrjdov, ancient Greek name of the dill, thought 

 to come from &6eii>, to burn, in allusion to the pungent seeds.) 



1. A. GRAVEOLENS L. Erect, glabrous, usually branched, 3-10 dm. high , 

 leaves finely dissected, fennel-like. Thoroughly established at Bridgeport, Ct. 

 (Barnes), and casual on waste ground, etc., elsewhere. (Introd. from Eu.) 



40. HERACLEUM L. Cow PARSNIP 



Fruit obovate, as in Pastinaca, but with a thick conical stylopodium, and 

 the conspicuous obclavate oil-tubes extending scarcely below 

 the middle. Tall stout perennials, with large compound 

 leaves, broad umbels, deciduous involucre, and many-leaved 

 involucels, white or purplish flowers, and obcordate petals, 

 the outer ones commonly larger and 2-cleft. (Dedicated to 

 Hercules.} 



1. H. lanatum Michx. Woolly; stem grooved, 1-2.8 m. 

 high ; leaves ternate ; leaflets broad, irregularly cut-toothed. 

 Wet ground, Nfd. to the Pacific, and southw. to N. C., 

 Ky., and Kan. June. FIG. 839. 



2. H. SPHONDYLIUM L. Spreading-pubescent and some- 

 what scabrous; leaves pinnate,' leaflets 3-7, coarsely and 

 rather bluntly toothed. Casual on waste land, etc., chiefly 



sag. H. lanatum x 2. about Atlantic ports. (Adv. from Eu.) 



41. IMPERAT6RIA [Tourn.] L. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Petals small, white. Fruit suborbicular or broadly 

 elliptical, distinctly cordate at base and apex, smooth, the ribs filiform except 

 the lateral, which are developed into a broad thin wing ; stylopodium conical ; 

 oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and as long or nearly as long as the fruit. 

 Stately smoothish perennials, with ternately compound leaves. (From im- 

 perator, master, emperor, in allusion, it is said, to its powerful medicinal 

 qualities.) 



1. I. OsxRtjTHiuM L. (MASTERWORT.) Stem hollow, 8-16 dm. high ; leaflets 

 large, ovate or obovate, serrate and commonly incised, nearly or quite glabrous ; 

 umbels with very numerous rays exinvolucrate or nearly so ; bracts of the 

 involucels few, narrow, inconspicuous. Formerly cultivated, now locally estab- 

 lished in e. Pa., Mich., and perhaps elsewhere. (Introd. from Eu.) 



42. OXYPCLIS Raf. 



Calyx-teeth evident. Fruit ovate to obovate, flattened dorsally ; dorsal ribs 

 filiform, the lateral broadly winged, closely contiguous and strongly nerved next 

 to the body (giving the appearance of 5 dorsal ribs); oil-tubes solitary in the 

 intervals, 2-6 on the commissure ; stylopodium short, thick-conical. Glabrous 

 erect aquatic herbs ; involucre and involucels present, and flowers white. (Deri- 

 vation unexplained.) TIEDEMANNIA DC. 



