628 ERICACEAE (HEATH FAMILY) 



broad and orbicular, disk-shaped, the border 5-crenate. Capsule, etc., as in 

 Pyrola, but splitting from the apex downward. Low nearly herbaceous plants, 

 with long running underground shoots, and thick shining leaves, somewhat 

 whorled or scattered along the short ascending sterns ; the flowers pink or 

 roseate, on a terminal peduncle. (Name from xA"* winter, and 0i\eZ>, to love, 

 in allusion to one of the popular names, viz. Wintergreen.) 



1. C. umbellata (L.) Nutt. (PRINCE'S PINE, PIPSISSEWA.) Leafy, 1-4 dm. 

 high ; leaves wedge-lanceolate, sharply serrate, not spotted; peduncles 2-8- 

 flowered ; petals flesh-color ; anthers violet. Dry woods, N. S. to Ga., w. to 

 the Pacific. July, Aug. (Mex., Eurasia.) 



2. C. maculata (L.) Pursh. (SPOTTED WINTERGREEN.) Stem 1-2.5 dm. 

 high ; leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse at the base, remotely toothed, 

 the upper surface variegated with white ; peduncles 1-5-flowered. Dry woods, 

 Mass, to Ont., Minn., and southw. June, July. 



3. MONESES Salisb. ONE-FLOWERED PYROLA 



Petals 5, orbicular. Filaments awl-shaped, naked ; anthers as in Pyrola, but 

 conspicuously 2-horned. Stigma large, peltate, with 5 narrow and conspicuous 

 radiating lobes. (Flowers occasionally tetramerous.) Intermediate between 

 Pyrola and Chimaphila. (Name formed of /j,6vos, single, and ^crts, delight, from 

 the pretty solitary flower.) 



1 . M. unifl6ra ( L. ) Gray. A small perennial ; the rounded and veiny 

 serrate thin leaves, 1-3 cm. long, clustered at the ascending apex of creeping 

 subterranean shoots; the 1-2-bracted scape, 3-13 cm. high, bearing a fragrant 

 waxy-white or rose-colored terminal flower 1-2 cm. wide. (M. grandiflora 

 S. F. Gray.) Deep cold woods, Lab. to Alaska, s. to Pa., Mich., Minn., and in 

 the Rocky Mts. June, July. (Eurasia.) 



4. PYROLA [Tourn.] L. WINTERGREEN. SHIN LEAF 



Calyx 5-parted, persistent. Petals 5, concave and more or less converging, 

 deciduous. Stamens 10 ; filaments naked ; anthers extrorse in the bud, but in 

 the flower inverted by the inflexion of the apex of the filament, more or less 

 4-celled, opening by a pair of pores at the blunt or somewhat 2-horned base 

 (by inversion the apparent apex). Stigma 5-lobed or 5-rayed. Capsule de- 

 pressed-globose, 5-lobed, 5-valved from the base upward (loculicidal). Seeds 

 minute, innumerable, resembling sawdust, with a very loose cellular-reticulated 

 coat. Low and smooth perennial herbs, with running subterranean shoots, 

 bearing a cluster of roundish petioled evergreen basal leaves, and a simple raceme 

 of nodding flowers, on an upright more or less scaly-bracted scape. (Name 

 a diminutive of Pyrus, the Pear-tree, from some fancied resemblance in the 

 foliage.) 



* Style straight, much narrower than the peltate 5-rayed stigma; petals and 

 stamens erect and connivent ; anthers not narrowed below the openings. 



1. P. minor L. Scape 0.5-2 dm. high ; leaves roundish, slightly crenulate, 

 thickish, mostly longer than the margined petiole ; flowers small, crowded, white 

 or rose-color ; calyx-lobes triangular-ovate, very much shorter than the nearly 

 globose corolla; style short and included. Cold woods, Lab. to Alaska, s. to 

 N. S., N. B., n. N. E., Mich., Minn., etc. (Eurasia.) 



2. P. secunda L. Subcaulescent, 1-2.5 dm. high ; leaves ovate, mucronate, 

 longer than the petiole, scattered, crenate-serrate ; racemes dense and spike-like, 

 the numerous small greenish-white flowers all turned to one side, scarcely 

 nodding ; calyx-lobes ovate, very much shorter than the oblong-oval petals ; 

 style long, exserted. Rich woods, Lab. to Alaska, s. to Md., Mich., Neb., etc. 

 June-Aug. (Eurasia.) 



Var. obtusata Turcz. is a smaller plant, with thin pale rounded leaves more 

 crenulate, and a 3-8-flowered scape of whiter flowers. (Var. pumila Gray.) 



