712 SOLAJSACEAE (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY) 



35. ELSH6LTZIA Willd. 



Calyx with equal teeth. Corolla 4-lobed, slightly 2-lipped. Stamens 4, as- 

 cending, exserted, didynamous ; anther-cells divergent. Herbs, with ovate or 

 oblong petioled leaves and spicate small flowers. (Named for J. S. Elsholtz, 

 German physician and botanist of the 17th century.) 



1. E. PATRINI (Lepechin) Garcke. Smooth annual, 3-7 dm. high ; bracts of 

 the spike ovate, veiny, mucronate ; calyx hirsute ; corolla purplish, 2-3 mm. 

 long. Clearings and shores, L. Temiscouata, Que. (Northrop}. (Nat. from 

 Asia.) 



SOLANACEAE (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY) 



Herbs (or rarely shrubs), with colorless juice and alternate leaves, regular 

 5-merous and 5-androus flowers, on bractless pedicels ; the corolla imbricate or 

 valvate in the bud, and mostly plaited ; the fruit a 2-celled (rarely 3-5-celled) 

 many-seeded capsule or berry. Seeds campylotropous or amphitropous. Embryo 

 mostly slender and curved in fleshy albumen. Calyx usually persistent. Sta- 

 mens mostly equal, inserted on the corolla. Style and stigma single. Placentae 

 in the axis, often projecting far into the cells. (Foliage rank-scented, and with 

 the fruits mostly narcotic, often very poisonous, though some are edible.) A 

 large family in the tropics, but sparingly indigenous in our district, shading off 

 into Scrophulariaceae, from which the plaited regular corolla and 5 equal 

 stamens generally distinguish it. 



(Various cultivated species, as the Tomato, LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM Mill., 

 the Potato, SOL\NUM TUBEROSUM L., the Egg-plant, S. MELONGENA L., and Petu- 

 nias, PETUNIA AXILLARIS (Lam.) BSP. and P. VIOIACEA Lindl., stray from 

 cultivation but seldom persist.) 



* Corolla wheel-shaped, 5-parted or 5-lobed ; the lobes valvate and their margins usually turned 

 inward in the bud ; anthers connivent ; fruit a berry. 



1. Solanum. Anthers opening by pores or chinks at the tip. 



* * Corolla various, not wheel-shaped, nor valvate in the bud ; anthers separate. 

 - Fruit a berry, closely invested by an herbaceous (not angled) calyx. 



2. Chamaesaracha. Corolla plicate, 5-angulate. Pedicels solitary, recurved in fruit. 



-H -f- Fruit a berry, inclosed in the bladdery -inflated calyx ; corolla widely expanding. 



3. PhysaliS. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 5-lobed or nearly entire. Berry juicy, 2-celled. 



4. Nicandra. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla nearly entire. Berry dry, 3-5-celled. 



---!--- Fruit a berry, with the unaltered calyx persistent at its base. 



5. Lycium. Corolla funnel-form or tubular, not plaited. Berry small, 2-celled. 



- +- +- +- Fruit a capsule. 



6. Hyoscyamus. Calyx urn-shaped, inclosing the smooth 2-celled capsule, the top of which 



falls off as a lid. Corolla and stamens somewhat irregular. 



7. Datura. Calyx prismatic, 5-toothed. Capsule prickly, naked, more or less 4-celled, 4-valved. 



Corolla funnel-form. 



8. WiCOtiana. Calyx tubular-bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Capsule inclosed in the calyx, 2-celled. 



1. SOLANUM [Tourn.] L. NIGHTSHADE 



Calyx and wheel-shaped corolla 5-parted or 5-cleft (rarely 4-10-parted) , the 

 latter plaited in the bud, and valvate or induplicate. Stamens exserted ; fila- 

 ments very short ; anthers converging around the style, opening at the tip 

 by two pores or chinks. Berry usually 2-celled. Herbs, or shrubs in warm cli- 

 mates, the larger leaves often accompanied by a smaller lateral (rmeal) one ; 



