714 SOLANACEAE (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY) 



American genus dedicated to Isidoro Saracha, a Spanish Benedictine ; the prefix 



on the ground, i.e. dwarf.) 



1. C. s6rdida (Dunal) Gray. Much branched from root or base, somewhat 

 cinereous with short viscid pubescence ; leaves obovate-spatulate or cuneate- 

 oblong to oblanceolate, repand to incisely pinnatifid ; calyx when young villous- 

 viscid ; corolla pale yellow or violet-purple, 1-1.5 cm. broad; berry as large as 

 a pea. (C. conioides Britton.) Dry or clayey soil, Kan. to Tex. and Ariz. 



3. PHYSALIS L. GROUND CHERRY 



Calyx 5-clef t, reticulated and enlarging after flowering, at length much inflated 

 and inclosing the 2-celled globular (edible) berry. Corolla between wheel-shaped 

 and funnel-form, the very short tube marked with 5 concave spots at the base ; 

 the plaited border somewhat 5-lobed or barely 5-10-toothed. Stamens 5, erect ; 

 anthers separate, opening lengthwise. Ours herbs with extra-axillary pedun- 

 cles ; flowering through the summer. (Name 0u<ra\k, a bladder, from the 

 inflated calyx.) 



a. Corolla large, white with pale yellow center ; calyx neither angled nor 



ribbed 1. P. grandiflora. 



a. Corolla lurid, greenish or yellowish-white to deep yellow with dark 



center &. 

 b. Annual c. 



c. Glabrous or merely puberulent. 



Corolla 1-2.5 cm, broad 2. P. ixocarpa. 



Corolla 4-10 mm. in diameter. 



Teeth of leaves acuminate 8. P. angulata. 



Teeth of leaves obtusish (6) P. barbadensis, v. obscura. 



C. Villous or pubescent, hairs simple, viscid or glandular. 



Fruiting calyx carinately 5-angled, its teeth during anthesis 



lanceolate. 



Fruiting calyx subglobose-ovoid, lather abruptly pyramidal at 

 summit. 



Plant green 4. P. pubescens. 



Plant somewhat hoary 5. P. pruinosa. 



Fruiting calyx flask-shaped, gradually conic-pyramidal at summit 6. P. barbadensis. 

 Fruiting calyx not sharply angled, its teeth deltoid during anthesis 7. P. missouriensis. 

 b. Perennial d. 



d. Canescent, covered with short dense stellate tomentum . . . 8. P. viscosa. 

 d. Pubescence loose ; hairs once or twice branched . . . . 9. P. pumila. 

 d. Hairs simple or none. 



Fruiting calyx scarlet 10. P. Alkekengi. 



Fruiting calyx greenish. 



Leaves broadly ovate, rounded or cordate at base ; viscid- 

 pubescent 11. P. heterophylla. 



Leaves narrowly ovate to oblong or lanceolate, cuneate at base. 

 Nearly glabrous ; leaves 4-5 times as long as broad . . 12. P.longifolia. 

 Strigillose to villous-pubescent ; leaves l%-3 times as long as 

 broad. 



Stem and branches strigillose 13. P. subglabrata. 



Stem and branches spreading-villous, retrorsely puberulent 



or glandular-pulverulent 14. P. virginiana. 



Stem and branches hirsutulous 15. P. lanceolata. 



1. P. grandiflbra Hook. Clammy-pubescent, erect ; leaves lance-ovate, 

 pointed, entire or nearly so; corolla 2.5-5 cm. wide, ivhite, with a pale yellow 

 center, woolly in the throat ; fruiting calyx globular. (Leucophysalis Rydb.) 

 Recent clearings and sandy shores., e. Que. to the Saskatchewan, s. to L. 

 Cham plain, Mich., Wise., and Minn. 



2. P. IXOCARPA Brotero. (TOMATILLO.) Erect branching annual, 2-9 dm. 

 high, glabrous or merely puberulent ; leaves entire to sharply sinuate-dentate ; 

 peduncles 3-6 mm. long, distinctly shorter than the flowers ; calyx-teeth deltoid ; 

 corolla 1-2.5 cm. wide, lurid, yellowish or greenish, with dark center. (P. aequata 

 Jacq. f . ) Often cultivated and frequently spontaneous. (Introd. from the 

 Southwest.) The large purple fruit often bursts the calyx. P. pendula Rydb. 

 appears to be a smaller-flowered long-peduncled extreme found from 111. ( Vasey) 

 southw. and westw. 



3. P. angulata L. Much branched ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, sharply 

 and irregularly laciniate-toothed ; peduncles filiform; corolla unspotted, very 



