732 SCKOPHULARIACEAE (FIGWORT FAMILY) 



21. BUCHNERA L. BLUE HEARTS 



Calyx obscurely nerved. Corolla with a straight or curved tube and an 

 almost equally 5-cleft limb, the lobes oblong or wedge-obovate, flat. Stamens 

 included ; anthers one-celled (the other cell wanting). Style club-shaped and 

 entire. Capsule 2-valved, many-seeded. Perennial rough-hairy herbs (doubt- 

 less root-parasitic), turning blackish in drying, with opposite leaves, or the 

 uppermost alternate ; the flowers opposite in a terminal spike, bracted and with 

 2 bractlets. (Named in honor of J. G. Buchner, an early German botanist.) 



1. B. americana L. Rough-hairy ; stem wand-like, 3-8 dm. high ; lower 

 leaves obovate-oblong, the others ovate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, sparingly 

 and coarsely toothed, veiny ; spike interrupted ; calyx longer than the bracts, 

 one third the length of the deep-purple corolla (2 cm. long). Moist sandy 

 ground, N. J. to w. N. Y., s. Ont., Minn., and south w. June- Aug. 



22. CASTILLEJA Mutis. PAINTED CUP 



Divisions of the calyx entire or 2-lobed. Tube of the corolla included in the 

 calyx; its upper lip (galea) keeled, flattened laterally. Anther-cells oblong- 

 linear, the outer fixed by the middle, the inner pendulous. Capsule many- 

 seeded. Herbs (root-parasitic), with alternate entire or cut-lobed leaves; 

 the floral ones usually dilated, colored, and more showy than the yellow or 

 reddish spiked flowers. (Dedicated to Domingo Castillejo, a Spanish botanist.) 



1. C. coccinea (L.) Spreng. (SCARLET P.) Hairy biennial or annual; 

 stem simple ; root-leaves clustered, mostly entire, obovate or oblong ; those of 

 the stem incised ; the floral 3-5-cleft, bright scarlet toward the summit (rarely 

 yellow) ; calyx about the length of the pale yellow corolla, equally cleft both sides, 

 the lobes quadrate-oblong, entire or retuse. Low sandy ground, Mass, to 

 Man., s. to Va., Tenn., and Tex. 



2. C. pallida (L.) Spreng., var. septentrionalis (Lindl.) Gray. Perennial, 

 smooth or sparingly hairy, at the summit woolly ; leaves mainly entire, the 

 lower linear, upper broader ; the floral oblong or obovate, greenish- white, varying 

 to yellowish, purple, or red ; calyx equally cleft, the lobes oblong or lanceolate, 

 2-cleft ; corolla 1.5-2.5 cm. long, the galea decidedly shorter than the tube, not 

 over 2 or 3 times as long as the lip. (C. acuminata Spreng.) Damp gravelly 

 or rocky banks, Lab., Nfd., and westw., s. to the St. John R., the nits, of n. N. E., 

 the Great Lakes, Minn., and the Black Hills. June-Aug. 



3. C. sessiliflbra Pursh. Perennial, 1.5-3 dm. high, very leafy, cinereous- 

 pubescent ; leaves mostly 3-5-cleft, with narrow diverging sometimes cleft lobes ; 

 the floral similar or broader, not at all colored ; calyx deeper cleft in front, the 

 narrow lobes deeply 2-cleft ; corolla 3-4 cm. long, the short galea but twice, as 

 long as the slender-lobed lip. Prairies, Man. to 111., Mo., Tex., and the Rocky 

 Mts. May-July. 



23. ORTHOCARPUS Nutt. 



Corolla with the upper lip (galea) little longer and usually much narrower 

 than the inflated 1-3-saccate lower one. Otherwise nearly as Castilleja. (Name 

 from 6p06s, upright, and Kaptrbs, fruit.} 



1. 0. luteus Nutt. Annual, pubescent and hirsute, sometimes viscid, erect, 

 1.5-4 dm. high; leaves linear to lanceolate, occasionally 3-clef t ; spike dense; 

 bracts broader, mostly 3-cleft, about equaling the flowers, not colored ; corolla 

 golden-yellow, 1 cm. long, 2-3 times as long as the calyx. Plains, n. Minn., 

 Man., and westw. 



24. MELAMPYRUM [Tourn.] L. Cow WHEAT 



Calyx bell-shaped, sharply cleft. Tube of corolla cylindrical, enlarging above ; 

 upper lip compressed, straight in front ; lower erect-spreading, biconvex, 3-lobed 

 at apex. Anthers approximate, oblong, nearly vertical, hairy ; the cells minutely 



