736 LENTIBULARIACEAE (BLADDERWORT FAMILY) 



29. SCHWALBEA [Gronov.] L. CHAFF-SEED 



Calyx tubular, 10-12-ribbed, 5-toothed ; the posterior tooth much the small- 

 est, the 2 anterior united higher than the others. Upper lip of the corolla ob- 

 long, entire ; the lower little shorter, erect, 2-plaited, with 3 very short and 

 broad ebtuse lobes. Anther-cells parallel. Capsule ovate. Seeds linear, with a 

 loose chaff-like coat. A perennial minutely pubescent upright herb, 3-6 dm. 

 high, with leafy simple stems terminated by a loose spike of rather large dull 

 purplish-yellow flowers ; leaves alternate, sessile, 3-nerved, entire, ovate or ob- 

 long, the upper gradually reduced to narrow bracts ; pedicels very short, with 

 2 bractlets under the calyx. (Dedicated to C. G. Schwalbe, an obscure German 

 botanist.) 



1. S. americana L. Wet sandy soil, Mass, to La., near the coast. May- 

 July. 



LENTIBULARIACEAE (BLADDERWORT FAMILY) 



Small herbs (growing in water or wet places), with a 1-lipped calyx, and a 2- 

 lipped personate corolla, 2 stamens with (confluently) l-celled anthers, and a 

 l-celled ovary with a free central placenta, bearing several anatropous seeds, 

 with a thick straight embryo, and no albumen. Corolla deeply 2-lipped ; the 

 lower lip larger, 3-lobed and with a prominent palate, spurred at the base in 

 front ; the palate usually bearded. Ovary free ; style very short or none ; stigma 

 1-2-lipped. Capsule often bursting irregularly. Scapes 1-few-flowered. The 

 following are the two principal genera. 



1. Utricularia. Calyx-lobes mostly entire. Upper lip of corolla erect. Filaments strongly 



incurved. Foliage usually dissected, bladder-bearing. 



2. Pinguicula. Calyx with upper lip deeply 3- and lower 2-cleft. Corolla-lobes spreading. Fila- 



ments straighter. Terrestrial, with entire rosulate leaves next the ground. 



1. UTRICULARIA L. BLADDERWORT 



Corolla personate, the palate on the lower lip projecting, often closing the 

 throat. Anthers convergent. Aquatic and immersed, with capillary dissected 

 leaves bearing little bladders, which float the plant at the time of flowering ; 

 or rooting in the mud, and sometimes with few or no leaves or bladders. Scapes 

 1-few-flowered. Bladders furnished with a valvular lid and usually with a few 

 bristles at the orifice. (Name from utriculus, a little bladder.) 



N.B. In this genus the figures of the leaves and flowers are on a scale of f. 



* Upper leaves in a whorl on the otherwise naked scape, floating by means of 

 large bladders formed of the inflated petioles ; the lower leaves dissected and. 

 capillary, bearing small bladders ; rootlets few or none. 



1. U. inflata Walt. Swimming free ; bladder-like petioles oblong, pointed 

 at ends and branched near apex, bearing fine thread-like divisions ; flowers 3-10, 

 large, yellow ; appressed spur half the length of the corolla ; style distinct. 

 In still water, Me. to Tex., mostly near the coast. July-Sept. 



* * Scapes naked (except some small scaly bracts), from 

 immersed branching stems, which commonly swim 

 free, bearing capillary dissected leaves with small 

 bladders on their lobes ; roots few and not affixed, 

 or none; mostly perennial, propagated from year to 

 year by tuber-like buds. 



*- Cleistogamous flowers along the submersed copiously 

 bladder-bearing stems. 



2. U. clandestina Nutt. Leaves numerous on the 

 U. clandestina. slender immersed stems, several times forked, capillary ; 



