760 CAPRIFOLIACEAE (HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY) 



conspicuous than in no. 10, the lower surface and very short petioles soft-downy, 

 at least when young ; fruit dark purple ; the stone slightly 2-sulcate on the faces. 



Calcareous ridges and banks, w. Que. and Vt. to Man., s. to Ga., 111., la., and 

 Wyo. May, June. 



i- 1- Stone very deeply sulcate ventrally ; leaves rather slender-petioled. 



7. V. mdlle Michx. Shrub, 3-4 m. high, with gray exfoliating bark ; leaves 

 suborbicular or broadly ovate, short-acuminate, cordate, coarsely dentate, dark 

 green and glabrous above, pale and soft-pubescent beneath, 5-13 cm. long, on 

 petioles 2-4 cm. long ; stipules rather short, finally deciduous ; fruit dryish, 

 ellipsoid, 1 cm. long, much compressed ; stone deeply grooved. ( V. Demetrio- 

 nis Deane & Robinson.) Bluffs and rocky woods, Ky. (and probably O.), 

 Mo., and la. May. 



8. V. ven6sum Britton. Shrub, with close gray-brown bark, the young 

 branches cinereous with stellate tomentum ; leaves elliptic-ovate to orbicular, 

 3-6 cm. long, sharply serrate-dentate, dark green above, beneath pale with stel- 

 late tomentum andwith 7-9 pairs of prominent veins; cymes 4-6 cm. broad, the 

 long peduncle and 7 rays pubescent ; drupe subglobose or short-ovoid, 7 mm. 

 long. (V. molle Man. ed. 6, in part, not Michx.) Dry open soil, Martha's 

 Vineyard and Nantucket to Pa. and Del. June, July. Var. CANBYI Rehder. 

 Leaves larger (6-8 cm. long), glabrous or glabrate beneath ; cymes 7-9 cm. 

 broad. Pa. and Del. to the mts. of Va. 



9. V. scabr611um (T. & G.) Chapm. Similar; branches reddish-brown; leaves 

 oblong to obovate, rarely orbicular, 4-10 dm. long, shallowly crenate-dentate, 

 with 5-7 pairs of less prominent veins; cymes similar, the flowers larger. 

 (V. molle Man. ed. 6, in part, not Michx.; V. semitomentosum Rehder.) 

 Woods and banks of streams, Pa. to Fla. and Tex. June. 



10. V. dentatum L. (ARROW-WOOD.) Smooth, 1-4.5 m. high, with ash- 

 colored bark ; leaves broadly ovate, glabrous, or with hairy tufts in the axils 

 beneath, very numerously sharp-toothed and strongly veined, 5-8 cm. long ; 

 fruit globose-ovoid, 6 mm. long ; cross-section of stone between kidney- and 

 horseshoe-shaped. Wet places, N. B. to n. Ga., w. to w. N. Y. and s. Ont. 

 June, July. 



4. TlNUS (Borkh.) Koehne. Winter-buds with opposite scales; leaves finely 

 toothed or entire, pinnately veined, the veins curved and anastomosing near 

 the margin ; drupes blue or black, sweet ; stone flat and even. 



11. V. cassinoides L. (WITHE-ROD, WILD RAISIN.) Shrub or small tree, 

 0.5-3.6 m high; shoots scurfy-punctate; leaves thickish and opaque or dull, 

 ovate to oblong, mostly with obtuse acumination, obscurely veiny, 2.5-10 cm. 

 long, with margins irregularly crenulate-denticulate or sometimes entire ; pedun- 

 cle shorter than the usually 5-rayed cyme ; drupe ellipsoid to spherical, 6-9 mm. 

 long, yellowish and pink when young, finally blue-black, with a bloom. Swamps 

 and open situations, Nfd. to N. C., Minn., and Man. June, July. 



12. V. nudum L. Similar ; obscurely scurfy-punctate ; leaves more veiny, 

 thickish, oval, oblong or lanceolate, entire or obsoletely denticulate, lucid above, 

 5-10 cm. long ; peduncle usually equaling the cyme. Ct. to Ky., Fla., and Tex. 



13. V. Lentago L. (SWEET VIBURNUM, SHEEPBERRY, NANNYBERRY, WILD 

 RAISIN.) Shrub or tree, sometimes 9 m. high ; leaves ovate, closely and very 

 sharply serrate, at least the upper caudate-acuminate and on winged petioles; 

 cyme sessile, 6-10 cm. broad, S-4-rayed; drupe ovoid or ellipsoid, blue-black, 

 1-1.5 cm. long Woods and banks of streams, Que. to Man., and southw. 

 May, June. An extreme form with spherical fruit 8-10 mm. in diameter has 

 been distinguished as var. SPHAEROCARPUM Gray. 



14. V. prunif61ium L. (BLACK HAW.) Tall shrub or small tree ; leaves 

 oval, obtuse or slightly pointed, finely and sharply serrate, 2-7 cm. long, the 

 lower surfaces and slender or slightly winged petioles glabrous ; cyme 3-5-rayed ; 

 fruit ellipsoid or ovoid, similar to that of the preceding species or rather smaller. 



Dry or moist ground, Ct. to Mich., Kan., and southw. May, June. The 

 extreme form with smaller globose fruit is var. GLOBOSUM Nash. 



