786 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



* * * * Pappus not obviously plumose to the naked eye ; corolla-lobes smooth inside, 



5. L. scari6sa Willd. Stem stout, 0.3-1.8 m. high, pubescent or hoary; 

 leaves (smooth, rough, or pubescent) lanceolate ; the lowest oblong-lanceolate or 

 obovate-oblong , tapering into a petiole ; heads few or many, large, 25-40-flow- 

 ered ; bracts of the broad or depressed involucre obovate or spatulate, very numer- 

 ous, with dry and scarious often colored tips or margins. (Laciniaria Hill.) 

 Dry soil, s. Me. to Ont., Neb., and southw. Widely variable ; heads 2.5 cm. or 

 less in diameter. 



Var. squarrulbsa (Michx.) Gray. Slender ; heads smaller, 14-20-flowered ; 

 bracts numerous. (Lacinaria scariosa, var. Small.) Open woods, Va., and 

 southw. 



6. L. pycnostachya Michx. Hairy or snioothish ; stem stout, 0.5-1.5 m. 

 high, very leafy ; leaves linear-lanceolate, the upper very narrowly linear ; spike 

 thick and dense, 1.5-5 dm. long ; heads about 5-flowered, 1 cm. long ; bracts of 

 the cylindrical involucre oblong or lanceolate, with recurved or spreading colored 

 tips. (Laciniaria Ktze.) Prairies, from Ind. to Minn., Neb., and southw. 



7. L. spicata (L.) Willd. Smooth or somewhat hairy; stems very leafy, 

 stout, 0.5-1.8 m. high ; leaves linear, the lower 8-5-nerved ; heads 8-12-flowered, 

 1 cm. long, crowded in a long spike ; bracts of the cylindrical-bell-shaped invo- 

 lucre oblong or oval, obtuse, appressed, with slight margins ; achenes pubescent 

 or smoothish. (Laciniaria Ktze.) Moist grounds, Mass, to s. Ont., Minn., and 

 southw. Involucre often resinous, very smooth. 



Var. montana Gray. Low and stout ; leaves broader, obtuse ; spike short 

 and heads large. (Lacinaria spicata, var. pumila Porter.) Mountain-tops, 

 Va., and southw. 



8. L. graminifblia (Walt.) Willd. Hairy or smoothish ; stem 3-9 dm. high, 

 slender, leafy ; leaves linear, elongated, 1-nerved ; heads several or numerous, 

 in a spike or raceme, 7-12-flowered ; bracts of the obconical or obovoid involucre 

 spatulate or oblong, obtuse, or somewhat pointed, rigid, appressed; achenes 

 hairy. (Laciniaria Ktze.; Lacinaria Smallii Britton.) Va., and southw. 

 Inflorescence sometimes panicled, especially in 



Var. dubia Gray. Bracts of involucre narrower and less rigid, oblong, often 

 ciliate. (Lacinaria graminifolia, var. pilosa Britton.) Wet pine barrens, 

 N. J., and southw. 



10. GRINDELIA Willd. GUM-PLANT. TAR-WEED 



Heads many-flowered, radiate (or rayless); rays pistillate. Bracts of the 

 hemispherical involucre imbricated in several series, with slender more or less 

 spreading green tips. Achenes short and thick, compressed or turgid, truncate, 

 glabrous ; pappus of 2-8 caducous awns. Coarse perennial or biennial herbs, 

 often resinous-viscid, ours glabrous and leafy with sessile or clasping alternate 

 and spinulose-serrate or laciniate rigid leaves, and large heads terminating leafy 

 branches. Disk and ray yellow. (Named for Prof. David Hieronymus G-rindel, 

 1776-1836, a Russian botanist.) 



1. G. squarrbsa (Pursh) Dunal. Leaves spatulate- to linear-oblong; invo- 

 lucre squarrose ; achenes not toothed ; pappus-awns 2 or 3. Prairies and dry 

 banks, 111. to Minn., southw. and westw. ; rarely adv. eastw. July-Oct. Var. 

 NfrDA (Wood) Gray. Rays wanting. Mo., and westw. 



2. G. lanceolata Nutt. Leaves lanceolate or linear ; involucral bracts erect 

 or the lower tips spreading ; achenes with 1 or 2 short teeth at the summit ; 

 awns 2. Prairies and barrens, Tenn., Mo., Kan., and southw. July, Aug. 



11. GUTIERREZIA Lag. 



Heads few-several-flowered, radiate ; rays 1-6, pistillate. Involucre cylin- 

 dric-clavate ; bracts coriaceous, with green tips, closely imbricated, the outer 

 shorter. Receptacle small, naked. Achenes short, terete ; pappus of about 9 

 chaffy scales, shorter in the ray -flowers. Suffrutescent (our species), glabrous, 



