842 COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) 



Var. TENufLOBA (Gray) Britton. Leaf-segments narrowly linear; achenes 



shorter. Less common. 



13. B. arist6sa (Michx.) Britton. Some what pubescent; leaves 1-2-pinnately 

 5-7 -divided, petioled ; leaflets lanceolate, cut-toothed or pinnatifid ; heads pani- 

 cled-corymbose ; outer bracts 8-10, not exceeding the inner, 

 barely ciliate ; rays showy ; achenes with 2 (rarely 4) long and 

 slender diverging awns as long as the achene itself or reduced 

 to short teeth. (Coreopsis Michx.) Swamps, O. to Mich., 

 Minn., and southwestw. ; adventive in waste places eastw. Aug.- 

 Oct. FIG. 1003. 



1003. B. aristosa. 14. B. involucrata (Nutt.) Britton. Heads rather larger ; 

 the outer bracts 12-20, mostly exceeding the inner, slender anc* 

 hispid; achenes with 2 short acute teeth. (Coreopsis Nutt.) 

 Swamps, w. 111. to Kan. and Tex. ; rarely adventive eastw. 

 FIG. 1004. 



15. B. Beckii Torr. (WATER MARIGOLD.) Aquatic, 

 perennial, smooth ; stems long and slender ; immersed leaves 

 crowded, many times dissected into capillary segments; the 

 few emerging leaves lanceolate, slightly connate, toothed ; low B involucrata 

 heads single, short-peduncled ; involucre much shorter than 

 the showy (golden yellow) rays; achenes thickish, smooth, 1-1.5 cm. long; the 

 stout divergent awns longer, barbed only toward the apex. Ponds and slow 

 deep streams, Me. and Que. to N. J. , and westw. Aug.-Oct. 



57. BALDUINA Nutt. 



Heads globular, many-flowered, radiate ; the long and narrowly wedge-shaped 

 rays neutral. Involucre short, of many thickish small bracts imbricated in 3-4 

 rows, the outer obovate and obtuse. Receptacle strongly convex, with deep 

 honeycomb-like cells containing the obconical or oblong silky-villous achenes ; 

 pappus of 7-9 lance-oblong erect chaffy scales. Perennial herb, srnoothish ; 

 the slender simple stems 6-9 dm. high, bearing alternate oblanceolate leaves, 

 and a large showy long-pedunculate head. Rays yellow, 2.5 cm. long ; disk 

 often turning dark purple. (Named for Dr. William Baldwin, 1779-1819, dis- 

 criminating amateur botanist, friend of Muhlenberg.) ACTINOSPERMUM Ell. 



1. B. unifl&ra Nutt. (Actinospermum Barnhart.) Borders of swamps, from 

 Va. (?) southw. Aug. 



58. MARSHALLIA Schreb. 



Heads many-flowered ; flowers all tubular and perfect ; corolla-lobes slendei 

 and spreading. Involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, foliaceous, erect, in 1-2 

 rows, nearly equal. Receptacle convex or conical, with narrowly linear rigid 

 chaff. Achenes top-shaped, 5-angled ; pappus of 5 or 6 membranaceous pointed 

 scales. Smooth low perennials, with alternate entire 3-nerved leaves, and long- 

 pedunculate heads terminating the simple stem or branches. Flowers purplish ; 

 anthers blue. (Named at the request of Muhlenberg for Dr. Moses Marshall, 

 nephew of the more distinguished Humphrey Marshall.) 



1. M. trine'rvia (Walt.) Porter. Stems leafy; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 pointed, sessile but not amplexicaul, 6-7.5 cm. long. (M. latifolia Pursh.) 

 Dry soil, Va., and southw. 



2. M. obovata (Walt.) Beadle & Boynton. Leaves chiefly basal, narrowly 

 obovate, obtusish or rounded at the apex ; involucral bracts linear-oblong, blunt ; 

 chaff spatulate, more or less distinctly expanded at the tip, blunt ; achene 

 longer than pappus. River-banks and open woods, s. w. Pa., and southw. 



Var. platyphylla (Curtis) Beadle & Boynton. Stem leafy about to the middle; 

 leaves lanceolate, narrowed to an obtusish tip, conspicuously amplexicaul. 

 Dry open woods, etc., Pa., and southw. M. grandiftora Beadle & Boynton 

 appears to be only a very robust form or state of this variety, with stems 4-7 dm. 

 high, and cauline leaves 2-3 cm, wide, 



