94 HOOFED ANIMALS 



have less than thirty points. As a whole, the antlers have an 

 arm-chair appearance. 



If these distinctions between the two great groups of 

 Caribou will not hold good, none wiy. 



THE WOODLAND CARIBOU of Maine, Ontario and Quebec 

 (Rangifer caribou), is the original type of what recently has 

 become a group of species. Its body color is bluish brown and 

 gray, which color also suffuses the neck, head and hind 

 quarters. In October the new coat is of a dark color known 

 as seal brown, quite different from the same pelage in 

 spring. 



Originally the NEWFOUNDLAND CARIBOU were referred 

 to the species named above, but in 1896 rank was given to 

 them as an independent species (R. terraenovae) , chiefly on 

 account of their very light color. They are the whitest of 

 all Caribou except the Peary Caribou (R. pearyi) of Elles- 

 mere Land. 



In 1899 Mr. Ernest Thompson Seton described the BLACK- 

 FACED CARIBOU of southeastern British Columbia (Revel- 

 stoke) as Rangifer montanus, or MOUNTAIN CARIBOU. The 

 new September coat is almost black. The antlers are short, 

 but throw off a surprising array of long tines. 



In 1902 the large, dark-colored Caribou of the Cassiar 

 Mountains, in northern British Columbia, was described by 

 Dr. J. A. Allen as OSBORN'S CARIBOU (Rangifer osborni), the 

 name bestowed being in honor of Professor Henry Fairfield 

 Osborn, the distinguished zoologist of the American Museum 

 of Natural History. This species attains a shoulder height of 

 55 inches, and is said to be the largest of all Caribou. In 



