66 



ORTHOGENETIC EVOLUTION IN PIGEONS. 



(8) The more the type is modified the longer it takes to reach it. This is shown in 

 highly bred domestic pigeons and in the males of many species of birds, where to 

 reach the much-modified adult type several molts are sometimes necessary. 



The biogenetic law certainly holds, and often in the most striking manner, in 

 the sequence of color-patterns in individual development. 



THE TURTLE-DOVE PATTERN IN THE PERISTERIM: (SEE TABLES I AND 2). 



THE TUBTUBIN/B. 



The patterns of greatest interest are : ( 1 ) neck-marks ; (2) dark centers and pale tips . 



Attention may first be directed to the neck-marks: In the turtle-doves of Europe 

 (Turtur turtur) and those of Japan (T. orientalis) there are to be seen in the first 

 feathers no sign of the adult neck-mark, except that 3 to 5 rows are better defined 

 as rows than the rest (see pi. 36 of Vol. II). 4 This much is precisely the case in the 



TABLE 1. The Five Families of Columboe according to Count Salvadori.* 



II. Columbidffi. 



1. Treroninoe 7 genera, 43 species. 



I. Treronida? 2. Ptilopodinae 17 genera, 100 species. 



3. Carpophaginse 12 genera, 61 species. 



3 subfamilies 36 genera, 204 species. 



1. ColumbintD 4 genera, 65 species. 



2. Macropygiinee 4 genera, 33 species. 



3. Ectopistinse 1 genus, 1 species. 



3 subfamilies 9 genera, 09 species. 



1. Zenaidinee 4 genera, 13 species. 



2. Turturinte 5 genera, 28 species. 



3. Geopelinse 3 genera, 8 species. 



Ill Peristeridse J * Peristerinae 6 genera, 14 species. 



6. Phabinse 12 genera, 25 species. 



6. Geotrygoninse 9 genera, 69 species. 



7. Calcenadinae 1 genus, 2 species. 



7 subfamilies 40 genera, 159 species. 



IV. Gouridce 1 genus, 6 species. 



V. Didunculidee 1 genus, 1 species. 



Total 5 families, 13 subfamilies, 87 genera, 469 species. 



4 For the Juvenal and adult neck-marks of various grades of risoria X lurtur hybrids see plates 35 to 39 

 and text-fig. 11 of Vol. II. ED. 



Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum. Vol. XXI. 1893 



