294 WALNUT WATER BETONY. 



starchy, with numerous pale brown dots indicating the 

 scattered wood-bundles. Taste, burning and acrid. 

 Odour, none. 



WALNUT. Juglans nigra, Linn. 



N.O. Juglandacea. 

 Parts used Bark, leaves. 



Action Alterative, laxative, detergent. Used in 

 herpes, eczema, scrofula, and syphilis. The infusion of 

 i ounce of bark or leaves to a pint of boiling water is 

 taken in wineglassful doses. Externally this is also 

 used as an application to skin eruptions, ulcers, &c. 



Preparation Fluid extract, leaves : Dose, 1-2 drachms. 



Distinctive character The leaflets vary in size on 

 the same leaf, which is composed of seven to nine 

 leaflets. They average 2^-4 inches in length and i-i 

 inch wide, rather paler below, parchment-like when dry, 

 leafstalks brown. Taste, bitter and astringent. Odour, 

 aromatic and characteristic. By long keeping the 

 leaves become brown and lose their aroma. 



The bark occurs in quilled or curved pieces 3-6 inches 

 long or more, and -i inch broad, dull blackish 

 brown, with traces of a thin whitish epidermal layer, 

 tough and fibrous, and somewhat mealy ; the inner 

 fibres tough and flattened, those in the outer mealy 

 portion white and silky. Taste, bitter and astringent. 

 Odour, none. 



WATER BETONY. Scrophularia aquatica, Linn. 



N.O. Scrophulariacece . 

 Syn. Brownwort, Bishop's Leaves, Betonica aquatica. 



Part used Leaves. 



Action Vulnerary, detergent. Used externally as 

 poultice for ulcers, sores, and wounds, or boiled in lard 

 as an ointment. 



