126 POWER AND THE PLOW 



there is abundant petroleum for many generations, provided 

 ways are found to make economical use of it all. The present 

 rate of expansion of the supply is due to the fact that most 

 common internal combustion engines have been capable of 

 using only the slight percentage of oil which is refined into gaso- 

 line, while a large part has been wastefully burned under 

 steam boilers. There is no cause for alarm as carburetors can 

 be made to handle the heavier fuels if the latter are at all uni- 

 form, and they are more apt to be so than is gasoline at present. 

 It is simply necessary for manufacturers to reconcile themselves 

 to the situation and develop carburetors for handling fuel 

 which can be supplied in adequate quantities without leaving 

 an enormous surplus of unsalable by-products. In any event, 

 there is no use in complaining, as gasoline cannot even now be 

 furnished in sufficient quantities. The world has plenty of 

 crude oil that will yield the heavier distillates. The principal 

 producing fields are hi Russia and America, which together, 

 yield about 90 per cent, of the supply. Galicia, Roumania, 

 and India yield about 4 per cent., and the remainder comes 

 from Canada, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Burmah, Japan, Ger- 

 many, Austria, Italy, and newer fields. It is being found in 

 new places each year. Nearly every South and Central 

 American country has been found in the last few years to 

 contain paying deposits. 



Oil has been found in paying quantities in Pennsylvania, 

 West Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, and Indiana, which form what 

 is known as the Appalachian group. Illinois, Kansas, Okla- 

 homa, Louisiana and Texas produce abundantly and Califor- 

 nia constitutes still another important area. The real develop- 

 ment of Texas and Oklahoma as important fields did 

 not begin until about 1902. From 1902 to 1908 Texas 

 produced 122,500,000 barrels and an immense area of costal 

 plain has not yet been tapped. In 1907 Oklahoma produced 

 over 44,000,000 barrels and it was estimated that only one 

 per cent, of the state's oil and gas has been developed. It 



