THE PLOW IN GREAT BRITAIN 



137 



stretch and extend from a shorter to a longer line without 

 breaking, and as it is turned off the parts are drawn together 

 again by the spring of the turf, and so remain whole after 

 plowing." 



TuU's analysis of the objects desired and the exact manner 

 in which the old Berkshire plow accomplished them should 

 have led to a much earlier solution of the problem. His system 

 of horse-hoe husbandry, however, was derided at the time 

 and the four-coultered plow was never widely adopted. Its 

 functions have since been accomplished by more scientifically 

 shaped plows and other tillage tools, but, as will be seen 

 later, in much the same manner as he described nearly two 

 centuries ago. 



James Small, of Scotland, took the Rotherham plow and from 

 it made a light draft instrument which turned the furrows 

 smoothly, without crumbling them. His factory at Black 



f 



Small's East Lothian plow 



Adder Mount in Berwickshire was established in 1763, and 

 before his death, thirty years later, he had so perfected the plow 

 by experimental methods that almost exact duplicates of his 

 models are still popular in Scotland. Many of these plows, 

 with moldboard of cast iron, and share, beam, and handles of 



