128 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1666. 



had seen them drawn out with a net together with fishes, and put to the fire 

 and thereby revived. 



That it is also very true that many animals there grow white in winter, and 

 recover their own colour in summer. That himself has seen and had hares, 

 which about the beginning of winter and spring were half white, and half of 

 their native colour ; that in the midst of winter he never saw any but all white. 

 That foxes also are white in winter, and squirrels grayish, mixed of dark and 

 white colour. 



That fishes are killed by reason of the ice not being broken : but first, in 

 ponds only or narrow lakes ; next, in such lakes only where the ice is pretty 

 thick ; for, where it is thin, they die not so easily ; lastly, that those fishes 

 that lie in slimy or clayey ground die not so soon as others. 



That neither oil, nor a strong brine of bay salt, is truly congealed into ice, 

 in those parts, viz. at Upsal in Sweden. 



That the frost pierces into the earth two cubits or Swedish ells ; and what 

 moisture is found in it is white like ice : That waters, if standing, freeze to a 

 greater depth, even to three such ells or more ; but those that have a current 

 less: that rapid rivers freeze not at all; nor ever-bubbling springs; and that, these 

 latter seem even to be warmer in winter than in summer. 



The Method observed in Transfusing the Blood out of one Animal into 

 another. By the Hon. Robert Boyle. N" 20, p. 353. 



The method here described was first practised by Dr. Lower of Oxford. 

 Take up the carotid artery of the dog or other animal, whose blood is to be 

 transfused into another of the same or a different kind, and separate it from the 

 nerve of the eighth pair, and lay it bare above an inch. Then make a strong 

 ligature on the upper part of the artery not to be untied again : but an inch be- 

 low, viz. towards the heart, make another ligature of a running knot, which 

 may be loosened or fastened as there shall be occasion. Having made these two 

 knots, draw two threads under the artery between the two ligatures ; and then 

 open the artery and put in a quill, and tie the artery upon the quill very fast by 

 those two threads, and stop the quill with a stick. After this make bare the 

 jugular vein in the other dog about an inch and half long ; and at each end 

 make a ligature with a running knot, and in the space betwixt the two running 

 knots drawn under the vein two threads, as in the other : then make an incision 

 in the vein, and put into it two quills, one into the descendent part of the vein, 

 to receive the blood from the other dog, and carry it to the heart; and the 

 other quill put into the other part of the jugular vein, which comes from the 



