322 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO l66g. 



structed, and the habit of the whole body quite disordered, upon which there 

 could not but soon ensue a dissolution. 



4. His brain was found entire and firm; and though he had not the use of 

 his eyes, nor much of his memory, several years before he died, yet he had his 

 hearing and apprehension very well, and was able even to the hundred and 

 thirtieth year of his age to do any husbandman's work, even threshing of 

 corn.* 



Jn Account of two Boohs. N° 44, p. 888. 



I. De Viscerum Structura Exercitatio Anatomica Marcelli Malpighii. Bono- 

 nisc, i666, 4to. 



This book contains five dissertations : Of the liver, the exterior part of the 

 brain, the kidneys, the spleen, the polypus of the heart. Concerning the liver, 

 he, 1 . gives a summary account of what has been said of it. 2. He relates what 

 himself has observed in that viscus, in all sorts of living creatures, finding it to 

 have lobes, and to be a gland of that kind which by anatomists is called con- 

 glomerate in contradistinction to the conglobate. 3. He examines the reasons 

 given by Dr. Wharton -|- against its being a gland. 4. He assigns its oflfice and 

 use, making it no other than that it separates the gall, which being conveyed 

 into the intestines, he asserts to be subservient to digestion. 



Concerning the exterior part of the brain (cerebri cortex) he first inquires into 

 the nature of its substance, and finds it a congeries of glands, more conspicu- 

 ously so in boiled than in crude brains, and most discernible in fishes and birds, 

 where he alleges an observation of a stone found in the brain, which was formed 

 like the fruit of mulberries, conglobated and made up of many small kernels or 

 grains, of ash- colour, probably thus formed by the petrified cortex of the brain, 

 and so retaining the natural shape of the glands thereof. Next he solves the 

 arguments of the above-mentioned Dr. Wharton produced in his book De 

 Glandulis, against that opinion. Further, explaining the vessels of the brain, 

 and their process, he afiirms, that the whole substance called the medulla of 

 the brain and the after-brain, is a heap of fibres or vessels, which, from the 

 stock or trunk of the spinal marrow, by many windings and crinkles, form those 

 cavities and involutions to be found there, and are at last deeply implanted in 

 the very glands of the brain ; where he teaches, that the whole work of separa- 



* The account of this dissection is inserted in Harvey's Works, edited by the London College of 

 Physicians. 



f Thomas Wharton ranks among the best English anatomists of the l7th century. He wrote a 

 treatise on the glands, entitled Adenographia, published in l656. The salivary ducts which have 

 been named after him, were known (as Haller remarks) to the ancients. 



