576 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO I67I, 



He concludes with the various modern ways of brewing beer. 



The annexed tract of Turnebus is both elegant and considerable for the ob- 

 servations therein alleged, to show the noxious effects of wine in those people 

 that drink much of that liquor; preferring good water, milk, beer, and especially 

 good cyder, far above it; and taking notice, that wine drinkers have generally 

 more deformed, lower and drier bodies, as also shaking limbs, and a more hasty 

 decay of sight than others. 



Extract of divers Letters, written hy Martin Lister, Esq. to the 

 Editor; touching some Inquiries and Experiments of the Motion of 

 Sap in Trees, and relating to the Question of the Circulatioji of the 

 same. iV" 70, />. 2119. 



To continue our experiments concerning the motion of the sap in trees 

 (from N'^ 68) Feb. 1 1, all was here covered with a white frost betwixt Q and 1 1 

 in the morning. The weather changing, I made the experiments which follow, 

 on the sycamore, walnut, maple. A twig cut asunder would bleed very freely 

 from that part remaining to the tree ; and, for the part separated, it would be 

 altogether dry and show no signs of moisture, although we held it some pretty 

 time with the cut end downwards ; but if this separated twig was never so little 

 tipped with a knife at the other end, it would forthwith show moisture at both 

 ends. The same day, late in the afternoon, the weather very open and warm, 

 a twig cut off in like manner as in the morning, would show no moisture at all 

 from any part. These experiments we repeated many times with constant and 

 like success on all the trees above-mentioned. 



I shall long to hear the success of your experiments in the question of the 

 circulation of the sap. I have many years been inclined to think, that there is 

 some such motion in the juices of vegetables. The reasons which induced me 

 are; 1. Because I find that all the juice of a plant is not extravasate and loose, 

 and like water in a spunge ; but that there are apparent vessels in plants, ana- 

 lagous to veins in animals ; which is most conspicuous and clear in such plants 

 whose juice is either white or red, or saffron coloured; for instance, in each 

 kind of juice we propose lactuca, atractylis, chelidonium majus. 2. Because that 

 there are many plants whose juice seems never to be at rest, but will spring at 

 all times freely^ as the blood of animals on incision. 



The way of ligature by metalline rings, is an expedient I have not used ; but 

 other ligatures 1 have, upon a great number of our English plants, not without 

 the discovery of many curious phaenomena. The success of an experiment of 

 this nature upon cataputia minor Lobel. was as follows: I tied a silk-thread upon 



