396 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1677. 



This author here publishes a short and easy method for the happy attainment 

 of all the most necessary preparations of chemistry. 



As for the theory he speaks succinctly, yet seems to say so much of it as may 

 suffice for direction to the preparations ; performing his operations on minerals, 

 vegetables, and animals. 



On a Cheap and Useful Pump. By Mr. John Conyers. N° 136, p. 888. 



Here, A A (fig. 12, pi. xi) is the body of the pump, made of oak, elm, or 

 deal planks; with a valve at bottom aa. BB the bucket, in the midst of which 

 there is a valve b, not visible in the figure, being concealed by the sides of the 

 leather bh. CCC the iron to raise the bucket. DD the wood at the bottom 

 of the bucket containing the valve. EE the handle for raising the bucket, to 

 be managed by fewer hands than ordinary pumps are ; which may be altered so 

 as to employ a horse or mill, or other such like way more advantageous than 

 that of this handle managed by the strength of men. FF a square taper-box, 

 with holes in the sides, and open at the bottom ; into the narrower part of 

 which is inclosed the narrower end of the body of the pump. GG an additional 

 bucket of a larger dimension, to be placed in the iron work of the pump about 

 H, when it shall be needful to lengthen the taper of the pump, and so to raise 

 the water more forcibly to a greater height. 1 1 the spout of the pump, to cast 

 out the water of the same breadth with the side of the pump, at the place re- 

 presented by the figure. KK the iron or wooden work set off or bent back, if 

 needful, and placed at the back of this pump, for the easier and more capacious 

 motion of the pump-handle, in which it moves. 



This pump, which was used at the new canal of Fleet river, was 8 feet long, 

 and 1 foot 8 inches broad at the top, and about 8 inches broad at the bottom, 

 where it is inserted in the box, and threw out 8 gallons at a stroke; and 21 

 strokes being made in 1 minute, there was delivered about 169 gallons in each 

 minute. 



If it be asked, why the pnmp and the bucket is not of the same breadth 

 throughout as high as the bucket moves ? I answer, that it cannot be allowed 

 of any other fashion than a taperino- one, because the celerity of the motion in 

 the narrowest part of the pump would thereby be obstructed in its supplying 

 the delivery of the water, which is thus provided for the evacuation answering 

 to the size of the upper or broader part of the pump. 



That this kind of pump may, by the same contrivance, be made of a tree 



The work above-mentioned was translated into English and German, and was deemed one of the 

 best chemical treatises of those days. 



