426 PHILOSOPHICAL TRAJfSACTIONS. [aNNO I678. 



by degrees they are washed into a latten-box with holes. Into which the stampers 

 fall : by which means they are beaten pretty small, and by the water continually 

 passing through the box, the ore through its weight, falls close by the mill, 

 and the parts not metalline, which they call causalty, are washed away by the 

 water. And thus the first separation is made. — They then take that which falls 

 close by the mill, and so dispose it in the said milf, that the water may once 

 more drive it, to make a better separation of the causalty. — Next they dry it in 

 a furnace on iron-plates, and then grind it very fine in a crazing-mill, with 

 stones common in the hills of that country. — After this they re-wash it as be- 

 fore, and then dry it a little, and so carry it to the furnace, called a blowing- 

 house, and there melt and cast it. 



There swims on the metal, when it runs out of the furnace, a scum, which 

 they call dross ; much like to slag or dross of iron ; which being melted down 

 with fresh ore, runs into metal. The causalty they throw in heaps upon banks, 

 which in 6 or 7 years they fetch over again, and make worth their labour. 

 But they observe, that in less time it will not afford metal worth the pains ; and 

 at the present none at all.* 



Experiments of refining Gold with uintimony.-^ By Dr. Jonathan Goddard. "^ 



N° 138, p. 953. 



I. Having taken 178 grains of crown gold, of 22 carats fine, it was melted 

 down with about 6 times as much antimony. And because the gold was made 

 into plates, for the more certain melting and mixture, the first regulus of gold 

 being separated from the antimony, both were powdered apart, and the regulus 

 in the melting-pot laid on the same antimony, and so both melted down again, 



* In some of the future volumes a further account of tin-ores, with tlieir analysis, will be given. 



-}• The mode here described of refining gold by antimony is extremely tedious, and is attended 

 with considerable expence. Gold may be freed from an alloy of the baser metals by cupellation 

 with lead ; but not from an alloy of silver. For the separation of this last it is usual to resort to the 

 processes of quartation and parting by aquafortis. 



\ Jonathan Goddard, a physician of much note in the I7th century, was an early and active 

 member of the Royal Society. He was educated at Oxford, and took his medical degree in that 

 university. After passing some time in foreign travel, he established himself in London, and read 

 anatomical lectures before the College of Physicians. He became a favourite with Cromwell, who 

 appointed him chief physician of the army, made him warden of Merton College, and conferred 

 other honours upon him. These appointments, however, were taken from him on the restoration of 

 Charles II. 5 and he was only suffered to retain his situation of lecturer on physic, at Gresham 

 College. He died in l674. He always prepared his medicines himself, the composition of which 

 he kept a secret. An account of them, however, was published in l691> under the title of Arcana 

 Goddardiana, annexed to Bate's Pharmacopoeia. It is said he was the first who made a Telescope in 

 this country. See the 3d Volume of Birch's History of the Royal Society. 



