5^6 . PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 168J-2. 



an irregular figure, those which lie highest are roundest and thickest, those 

 which lie more towards the bottom of the stomach, or where it unites with the 

 gizzard, are more broad and flat. These bring in a juice which helps to digest 

 that various nourishment which this fowl makes use of. The gizzard was very 

 large, the inner coat not adhering so firmly as in other fowls, and was very thick 

 like flannel, and on our first looking into the gizzard from the first stomach, it 

 appeared as a piece of flannel or napkin, which the ostrich had swallowed, and 

 so stuck there. The passage out of the gizzard into the small guts is very 

 strait. The guts are about 20 yards in length ; the smaller guts, beginning 

 from the stomach, are 10 yards long; and the larger guts, down from thence 

 to the anus, are near as much. At the beginning of the great guts there are 

 2 intestina caeca, each of them a yard long, and they have a screw or spiral 

 valve within them, after the manner of the caecum of a rabbit; this screw in 

 both the intestina winds about 20 turns; the extremity of the caecum is small, 

 not much differing from the cpp.rum of a man. The excrement which is thrown 

 out by the guts is of 2 kinds, a white thin sticking excrement, which it mutes 

 like a hawk, and after that another sort of excrement comes, which is very like 

 to that of a sheep, but larger. The mesentery, although it holds together 

 such a number of guts great and small, yet it is not thick, but is only a trans- 

 parent membrane, as generally in pennates, but it is very large, and in some 

 places above 13 inches deep or broad, measuring from the centre to the guts. 

 The liver has 4 lobes, and is of a colour not much diflferent from that of a 

 man's ; we could find no gall-bladder. 



There was a gland under the stomach which might seem to be a spleen ; but 

 pennata and insecta are said to have no spleens. The pancreas was slender, and 

 above a foot long. 



The kidneys are large, and of the length of my hand as they lie both toge- 

 ther, they are of the shape of a guitar. The ureters are firm, strong, white, 

 and long. Behind the kidneys lie 2 glands, somewhat oval, of about an inch 

 and a half in length, close to the back-bone. 



^n Account of several curious Discoveries about the Internal Texture of the Flesh 

 of Muscles, of strange Motions in the Fins, and the Manner of the Produc- 

 tion of the Shells of Oysters, &c. By Mr. Leuwenhoeck, F. R. S. Philos. 

 Collect. N*^ 5, p. J 52. 



Formerly I have stated, that musculous flesh, viewed with an ordinary mi- 

 croscope, I conceived them to be composed of globules, for so they seemed to 

 appear to me. But with the use of better helps and more diligent inquiry, I 



