670 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1683. 



horn ; and on the other side of the first or middle stomach, was a free open 

 passage into the third, which emptied itself into the duodenum. 



The first stomach was lined within with a white thick hard membrane, almost 

 like the inward pellicle of the gizzard of fowls ; with which none of the other 

 stomachs were endowed ; for the inward surface of the second was smooth and 

 soft, its membranes thin, and more inclining to the common make of that of 

 carnivorous animals. The third somewhat like this, but thicker, and rimpled 

 within, with large plicae or folds. 



Dr. Grew observes, that in the common hog, against the pylorus stands a 

 round caruncle, as large as a small filberd kernel, like a stopple to the pylorus ; 

 a part he thinks peculiar to this animal. This in our Mexico hog I did not ob- 

 serve. His conjecture of the use of it is probable enough : it being so voracious 

 an animal, for the preventing a too sudden and copious irruption of the aliment; 

 which is sufficiently provided for in our subject by the great straitening of the 

 pylorus here, and the great ascent it must make before it can go out : which 

 may be the reason too of nature's making these several cells, or partitions, for 

 the better digestion and maceration of the food; for this animal being frugivo- 

 rous, graminivorus, and carnivorous too, the stomachs are so contrived, as that 

 the first, by its inward pellicle somewhat resembles that of birds, which are 

 carpophagous ; so the others, those of quadrupeds. 



The small guts, which in other animals being fastened to a large mesentery, 

 usually hang down lower, were here closer gathered, by the shortness of this 

 membrane, to the spine; and the colon, which in others is more suspended, 

 here by its peculiar structure lies loose, and falls down. For the duodenum 

 arising from the pylorus with a short turn, that and the other small intestines 

 made abundance of convolutions and windings ; and although the mesentery- 

 was but very short from the spine, and its circumference seemingly but very 

 small, yet in this compass it contained 27 feet of these intestines, for so much 

 they measured from the pylorus to the colon. The colon was not fastened to 

 the periphery or rim of the mesentery as usual; but, arising from the centre or 

 middle, made a spiral line, its end hanging loose, and its turnings were closely 

 united to each other by membranes. This colon was very large in comparison 

 of the other guts, and measured Q feet in length. It had a short caecum, but 

 pretty wide, and filled with faeces. What Dr. Grew observes, viz. that it is 

 peculiar to the caecum of a hog, and that of a horse, to have the same structure 

 with the colon, is true here also. And it may be reckoned as an appendix of 

 the colon. In a hog, Dr. Grew makes 7 intestines. The same differences I 

 might perhaps have met with here; but I was prevented by the little leisure I 



