VOL. XVII.3 FHILOSOPHICAt TRANSACTIONS. 567 



Then are briefly described the several species of all these kinds in order : and 

 to some of them large anatomical descriptions and observations are added. 



For the more easy and clear comprehension and distinction of the several 

 kinds of animals, Mr. Ray gives two schemes or tables of them : the first a 

 general one of all animals; the second a particular one of quadrupeds; as 

 below. 



Animals are either, 



'Sanguineous, that is such as have blood, which breathe either by 

 r Lungs,* having either 



Two ventricles in their hearts; -J- and those either 

 ' Viviparous, 

 J Aquatic, as the whale kind. 



( Terrestrial, as quadrupeds, or in general all hairy animals. 

 Oviparous, as birds, which have immoveable and perforated 

 I lungs. 



But one ventricle in their hearts, as frogs, tortoises, serpents. 

 [_ Gills, as all sanguineous fishes except the whale kind. 

 Exsanguineous, or without blood, which may be divided into 



'The greater, either 

 f Naked 



f Terrestrial, as naked snails. 

 •« < Aquatic, as the poulp, or pour-contrel, polypus ; the cuttle-fish, 

 (^ sepia ; the sleave or ink-fish, lolligo. 

 Covered, with a tegument, either 

 r Crustaceous, as lobsters and crab-fish. 



< Testaceous, whether univalve, as limpets, or bivalve, as oysters, 

 \ muscles, cockles; or turbinate, as periwinkles, snails, &c. 

 The lesser, as insects of all sorts. 



* Gills and lungs differ, as gills are only as it were inverted lungs j the air being drawn inwardly 

 into the lungs, whereas it only outwardly touches or slides by the gills. — Orig. 



+ Animals that have two ventricles in their hearts use a frequent and constant inspiration and ex- 

 piration, taking in and breathing out the air. But those that have but one ventricle, use no such 

 frequent inspiration and expiration ; but draw in and retain the air a considerable time in their lungs, 

 before they breathe it out again. — Orig. 



