TOL. XVIII.] PHIiOSOPHICAI. TRANSACTIONS. ' (il3 



servation several prodigious effects of sulphureous exhalations in divers parts ot 

 Italy, are related. In the 25th observation he adds some more thoughts con- 

 cerning the sal ammoniac he found on iron scoria, thrown up by ^tna in the 

 year l66y, to those he had formerly published in Disquisit, et Observ. Physicis 

 circa Corallium, &c. edit. Amst. p. 47 ; answering a question proposed by 

 Menzelius about the Bononian stone. Lastly, in the 26th observation he 

 asserts the great virtue of a mineral bezoar found in Sicily, confirming it with 

 the cure of an epidemic fever, &c. 



2. Lezioni intorno alia Nalura delle Mqfette, i^c. Discourses concerning the 

 Nature of Damps. By Leonardus Capuanus. Naples, in 4to, l683. 

 N° 207, p. 38. 



The nature of the several damps or subterraneous vapours here treated of 

 was little understood at this period of time. It is now known that they are for 

 the most part r^ferrible to two classes, the inflammable and uninflammable ; the 

 former consisting of hydrogen gas, the latter of carbonic acid gas. In some 

 volcanic caverns there are also sulphureous vapours. 



Experiments made with Mr. John ColbalcKs Styptic. By Mr. fVm. Cowper^* 



Surgeon. N° 208, p. 42. 



A large dog being provided, an aperture was made through the common 

 integuments of his abdomen, whence the small guts were extruded; after an 

 incision made in one of them, according to its length, they were again reduced ; 

 the wound in the abdomen being stitched up, a solution of this powder was 

 applied ; the dog continued without any ill symptoms, and became perfectly 



* Wm. Cowper was a first-rate surgeon and anatomist of the 17tU century. He published two 

 splendid works; viz. a treatise on the muscles entitled Myologia Reformata, first published in 8vo, 

 1694, and afterwards re-edited with augmentations by Dr. Mead, in folio> 1724; and the Anatomy 

 of Human Bodies, folio, 1697. It has been already mentioned that the plates of this last work were 

 for the most part taken from Bidloo (see the account of that Dutch author, p. 260, of this vol. of these 

 Abridgments) j though Cowper in his reply, entitled Eucharistia, wished to make it appear that those 

 plates were Swammerdam's not Bidloo's. Besides these works he furnished several communications 

 to the Philosophical Transactions, relative to chirurgical and anatomical subjects. Cowper dissected 

 a vast nomber of bodies, and was remarkable expert in making injections of the blood vessels, 

 lacteals, and lymphatics. He exhibited preparations of the bronchia filled with bismuth. He was 

 the discoverer of certain glands sitviated in the urethra, and which have since gone by his name. 

 He moreover be,>towed considerable pains on comparative anatomy, as appears from several of his 

 papers inserted in the Philosophical Transactions, containing dissections of the opossum, &c. He 

 died in 1710. 



