82 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO l6g6. 



ticated, being lodged on the tongue, which somewhat hollows itself, by means 

 of its own proper muscular fibres, for the more commodious entertaining the 

 larger quantity, its tip and sides are applied to the insides of all the teeth of the 

 upper jaw, the tongue is suddenly drawn up by the musculi styloglossi and my- 

 loglossus, together with those muscles which pull the os hyoides upwards, at 

 the same time the fauces are also drawn up, and their cavity enlarged by the 

 musculi stylopharyngei : and about two thirds of the superior surface of the 

 tongue is adequately applied to the roof of the mouth ; the epiglottis, from its 

 position being consequently depressed, thereby covers the glottis or rimula of 

 the larynx, and prevents any part of the aliment from descending into the wind- 

 .pipe. In this part of the action of deglutition, the glands under the tongue, 

 and excretory ducts of those of the lower jaw, are compressed, and their se- 

 parated liquors or spittle discharged by their papillae, situated at the lower part 

 ofthefraenum or ligament of the tongue; and this is done by the musculus 

 mylohyoideus. When the aliment is thus forced into the fauces, or upper 

 part gf the gula, at the same time the gargareon, with the uvula, are drawn 

 upwards and backwards by the musculi sphaenostaphyli, by which means any 

 part of the aliment is hindered from ascending into the foramina narium ; the 

 fauces by the musculus pterygopharyngeus and cesophageus are contracted : 

 by which the aliment is not only compressed into the gula, but the matter 

 separated from the blood by the glands of the fauces, especially of those large 

 ones called tonsillae, is forced out of their cells or excretory ducts, to join with 

 it in its descent to the stomach by the gula, through which latter it passes, by 

 the action of its muscular fibres. 



The aliment, thus impregnated with saliva in mastication and deglutition, 

 being received into the stomach, there meets with a juice separated from the 

 blood by the glands of that part, whose excretory ducts open into the cavity of 

 the stomach : by the commixture of these liquors, whether of the saliva or 

 juice of the stomach, a proper menstruum is composed, by which the parts of 

 Ithe aliment are still more and more divided, by its insinuating into their pores, 

 by which the air, beJore imprisoned in their less divided parts, is not only more 

 disentangled, but by the natural heat, it must necessarily suffer such a rare- 

 ifaction, as that the whole stomach becomes still more and more distended : 

 hence it is we have less appetite some time after eating, then we had immedi- 

 ately after ; hence also arise those frequent eructations from divers aliments, as 

 old pease, cabbage, and other vegetables which we frequently eat ; all which 

 become very much disturbing in depraved appetites and weak stomachs. 

 Though we have not used the word fermentation, yet we do not su[)pose the 

 dissolution of the aliment within the stomach can be done, at least without an 



