VOL. XX.] PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. 26l 



lap each other, and so become the stronger. This os zygomaticum was 2-^ 

 inches long, and projecting from the cranium an inch. In the orbit of the 

 eye, at the internal canthus, there was a large foramen, which led into the 

 cavity of the nose, and by a duct placed here, the tears are conveyed into the 

 nostrils. In the upper jaw-bone, there was also a large foramen, for the 

 passage of some vessels from the internal orbit of the eye. 



The cranium, which encompassed the brain, in the largest place, was about 

 an inch over; and about 1-^ in length; but its cavity jetted out somewhat 

 farther towards the nares, forming as it were a particular cell here, and pretty 

 capacious, for receiving the processus mammillares, and the fore part of the 

 brain. The os cribriforme was very remarkably perforated with holes, like a 

 sieve ; and indeed, in forming this organ of smelling, nature seems very care- 

 ful and solicitous, the snout making so great a part of the head, that the cranium 

 itself seemed very inconsiderable in respect of it, its internal capacity contain- 

 mg not above the quantity of a walnut. The os spongiosum, in each nostril, 

 seemed very curiously contrived, by the abundance of its lamina; ; so that the mem- 

 brane, that covers them, is by this means rendered more capacious, and capable 

 of receiving more plentifully the effluvia of those animals it would either catch 

 or avoid ; and in this sensory it is known, that brutes excel even man himself, 

 and their organ more adapted to it. 



The under-jaw consists of two strong bones, joined together only at the 

 mentum or chin ; each measured 4 inches in length. The head of tiiis bone, 

 which is half an inch broad, is received into a sinus of the os temporum, and 

 very firmly articulated there. It has two processus : the anterior or superior is 

 large and thin, into which the temporal muscle is inserted. The inferior pro- 

 cess is smaller, and runs to a sharp point : here at this process, the edge of the 

 mandible is so dilated, that it measures above 4. an inch. On the inside of the 

 jaw is a large sinus, which leads to a foramen, that goes into the body of the 

 jaw-bone, and affords a passage for the vessels thither. The use of these bones 

 is for mastication ; which leads me to consider the teeth. And here we find all 

 the 3 sorts of them ; for in the upper-jaw before, are 8 small dentes incisores, 

 4 on each side ; then a void space, almost 4- of an inch ; then 2 large prominent 

 dentes canini, one on each side; which jut out of the jaw about l an inch: 

 these are succeeded on each side by 3 dentes incisores ; which are much stronger 

 and larger than the fore- teeth, and resemble the dentes molares, in that they 

 were inserted into the jaw bone with two fangs : but the heads of these incisores 

 are acuminated, whereas the heads of the molares are fl;it, and ahnost of a 

 triangular figure There were 4 dentes molares, on each side : in all, 24 teeth 

 in the upper-jaw. But the double fangs of the molares, and the incisores ma- 

 jores seemed at first sight two distinct teeth ; each fang being inserted into a 



