266 



PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. 



[anno 1698. 



was more flatted than the ends of the other toes, with a flat nail, like a human 

 thumb ; in the others the nails were long and curved. At the articulation of 

 each joint of the toes, on the under side, there were two small bones, called 

 Qssa sesamoidea, and these both in the fore and hinder feet. 



This being an animal so very remarkable, and a distinct species from all 

 others, Dr. Tyson was induced to be thus particular in the description of it. 

 And he adds that he is the more confirmed in what he formerly wished, (Preli- 

 minary Discourse to his Natural History of the PhocaenaJ that for perfect- 

 ing the natural history of animals we had a distinct account and anatomy of 

 some one of a species, which with a little variation might serve for all of that 

 family ; since he finds so great a master of natural history as Mr. Ray (Synops. 

 Animal, p. 324) is of the same opinion. 



Fig. I, pi. 6, represents the 

 outward shape and figure of the 

 possum, drawn from the life. 

 Fig. 2, the slit or aperture in the 

 belly, opening to the marsiipium 

 or pouch, where the young ones 

 lodge, till they can shift for 

 themselves. — Fig. 3, a the mar- 

 su| ium turned inside outward, 

 where may be ob5>erved the hair 

 or fur that covers it, which may 

 help to keep the young ones 

 warm ; bb the two hinder legs 

 cut off; c the foramen of the 

 anus, which is also the coinmon 

 outward vent or exit to the rec- 

 tum, the bladder of urine, and 

 the uteri also ; d the beginning 

 of the tail. — Fig 4, the skele- 

 ton or bones of this animal ; aa 

 the rostrum or snout ; bb the 

 cranium or skull ; ccc a bony 

 lidge, or the protuberantia ossea 

 longitudinalis, which ran the 

 length of the cranium, and over 

 a part of the snout ; d the lateral 

 ridge, which like a penthouse, 

 jutted over the hinder part of 

 the cranium ; cf the os zygoma- 

 ticum ; e its process from the os 

 temporum, and f that from the 

 maxilla superior, or upper jaw ; 

 g a foramen or hole in the inner 

 canthus of the orbit of the eye, 

 that leads into the nostrils and 

 by a duct conveys the teats or 

 sioisture of the eyes into them ; 



Exjjlanation of the Figures. 



h a foramenor hole in theupper 

 jaw, for a passage to the vessels ; 

 i a prot uberance of 1 he os frontis ; 

 k a suture of the os narium ; 11 

 the lower mandible or jaw-bone ; 

 m the superior process of the 

 under-jaw ; n the inferior pro- 

 cess of the under-jaw; o the 

 clavicula of one side ; p the 

 cartilago ensiforrois of the first 

 bone of the sternum ; q the sca- 

 pula or shoulder-blade bone ; r 

 the spine of the scapula ; ssss 

 the thigh bones ; titt the tibia, 

 or focile majnsof all the legs ; 

 uu part of the tibia in the fore- 

 legs, extended beyond the arti- 

 culation ; wwww the fibula or 

 focile luinus ; xxxx the bones of 

 the tarsus ; yyyy the bones of 

 the metatarsus ; zzzz the toes ; 

 auibe thumbs in the hinderfeet; 

 N° 1, the first vertebra of the 

 neck, called the alias; 2,3,4,5, 

 (1,7, the second, third, fourth, 

 filth, sixth, and seventh vertebrae 

 of the neck ; 8, the first verte- 

 bra of the thorax ; 9> the first 

 vertebra of the loins ; 10, the 

 first vertebra of the os sacrum ; 

 11, the first vertebra of the os 

 coccygis,or tail ; 12, 12, 12, 12, 

 the spines or hooks on the inside 

 of the tail ; 13, 14, the os inno- 

 minatimi, where 13 is the os 

 ilinm, l-l the os ischii or coxen- 

 dicis ; 15, 15, the ossa marsu- 



pialia, sen janitores marsupii ; 

 ***:* ,|,g nijs, thirteen in II; 

 O the cartilago scutiformis. — 

 Fig. 5, the situation of the ossa 

 marsupialia, &c. aa the ossa 

 pubis ; b the coalition or joining 

 of the ossa pubis ; cc the two 

 ossa marsupialia, or janitores 

 marsupii ; de the basis of the 

 ossa marsupialia, where joined 

 to the ossa pubis, d the inner 

 head of the basis, e the outer ; 

 ff the acetabulum, or socket, for 

 receiving the head of the thigh 

 bone ; gg the os ilium ; hh the 

 vertebrae of the os sacrum j ii 

 the OS iichii or coxendicis. — 

 Fig. 6, exhibits the fore side of 

 the thigh bone of the lore leg ; 

 a the head of the thigh bone, 

 where it is fastened to the sca- 

 pula i b a large rough spine, 

 which runs above half the length 

 of this thigh bone ; c a protube- 

 ranceof this boneonthe outside; 

 da large foramen or hollow pas- 

 sage ; e a sinus tor receiving the 

 head of the tibia ; fg the basis, 

 or lower extretuity of the thigh 

 bone. — Fig. 7, the stomach and 

 guts, a the gula or gullet ; b the 

 stomach ; c a perforation of the 

 stomach, caused by an ulcer 

 there ; dd the two pouching out 

 of the stomach at the two ends; 

 e the pylorus ; f the beginning 

 of the duodenum ; ghiklranopq 



