lOe PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1704. 



on the belly have a large thick fur, and a thick brushy tail like the squirrel; 

 whereas usually the ape and monkey are thinner of hair on the belly, and that 

 on their tail is shorter. This sort of monkey I call therefore the squirrel mon- 

 key, or sciuro-pithecus. But its face more resembled a man's or an ape's, as 

 likewise its teeth, and in these respects it differs much from the squirrel kind. 



Nearer to the squirrel comes the mouse kind, which in the shape of its head, 

 the long teeth before, and the large and prominent eyes, it more resembles; 

 and it uses its fore feet as hands in feeding itself, where it has only four fingers 

 without a thumb, but on its hinder it has five, of which the innermost and 

 outermost are placed at a distance from the range of the three middle fingers. 

 like two thumbs, as may be observed in some of the lizard kind. 



Some may question why we should include the cat kind in the number of the 

 animalia ;^£»^o-(J«xTuXa, since their feet seem rounder, and to have rather toes 

 than fingers, But we may observe that it uses its fore feet like hands in climb- 

 ing and catching its prey; and when it does so, it exerts its claws and lengthens 

 them; but when it uses its feet in going and running it shortens them, as being 

 most convenient for that purpose; so that it is well provided for both, and its 

 digiti are of a middle nature between fingers and toes, as they are lengthened 

 or shortened. And we may observe that on each fore foot there is a pollex or 

 thumb, set at a distance from the range of the other claws, by which they 

 more resemble hands, and on the hinder feet there are only four digiti, without 

 a thumb. 



We come next to those animals that have only two feet formed like hands, 

 and those are either the fore feet or the hinder. Those whose fore feet only 

 are formed like hands, have either a thumb there, as the mantegar, &c. or have 

 only four fingers without a thumb, as the cuandu, &c. 



The mantegar* is not described by any author, and the strangest that I have 

 seen. It is about the size of a mastiflTdog; it measured from the extremity of 

 its nose to the anus 3 feet 2 inches; the girth of the body was 2 feet 2 inches; 

 the head 14 inches long; the forehead 5 inches broad; the head somewhat re- 

 sembling that of a horse; the nostrils large ; the nose of a deep cinnabar colour, 

 and the bones of the nose depressed lower than those of the upper jaw, where 

 the skin was of an azure blue colour ; there is a large tuft of hair on the fore- 

 head, as also under the chin ; the forepart of the body, and the inside of the 

 arms and legs, are almost bare of hair; the hair on the outside of them of a 

 mottled brown and olive colour; on the back it is blackish ; there were mammae 

 on the breast ; it has an umbilicus ; and the praeputium is without a fraenum, as 



* The animal meant in this description is the sitnia mormon. Linn. 



