VOL. XXIV.] PHILOSOPHICAL TKANSACTION3. 22J 



the auricle, described by Casserius, he adds a new one of his own discovery, 

 and names it, muscuius auriculae anterior: it springs from the investing mem- 

 brane of the temporal muscle, above that part of the zygoma, which proceeds 

 from the os temporis: thence running straight down, it splits into two parts, 

 one being inserted into the fore part of the superior cavity of the concha; the 

 other a little higher, into the fore part of the cavity of the scapha. 



He says the posterior muscles of the auricula vary as to their number in 

 different subjects; there being sometimes 4, and sometimes but 2 of the:Ti; 

 yet for the most part there are 3 in each auricle. Besides these, he describes 

 2 internal muscles belonging to this part; which he says none has hitherto 

 taken notice of: one he calls muscuius tragi, the other muscuius anti-tragius, 

 according to their situation ; but in lean and emaciated bodies, he owns they 

 are not to be seen. 



He has discovered a new ligament, which fastens the auricle to the processus 

 zygomaticus of the temple bone. On filling the meatus auditorius with wax, 

 he observes that in the beginning it ascends a little ; then about its middle it is 

 crooked downwards; again it run upwards, and then downwards to the mem- 

 brana tympani, by which it is obliquely shut. He describes the incisurae, or 

 slits, in the cartilaginous part of this passage, more accurately than Mons. 

 Duverney has done. When the membrana adiposa comes to the beginning of 

 this meatus, its fleshy fibres are spread upon it in a reticular manner, and in 

 the areas or spaces between, the glands which separate the cerumen are placed. 

 The cavity of this auditory tube, in a foetus, is very much contracted, and 

 filled with a whitish stuff, which in process of time dries, falls off, and comes 

 out with the cerumen ; yet sometimes it hardens into a membrane, which stick- 

 ing close to the membrana tympani, hinders the free access of the air, and so 

 causes a deafness, till it is removed by art. 



Our author observes in the back part of the auricle a vein, which he says 

 none has hitherto taken notice of, and calls it occipitalis, because it receives 

 several twigs from other parts about the occiput; from all which it brings back 

 the refluent blood into the lateral sinuses, piercing the cranium at a hole behind 

 the processus mamillaris. None of the branchings of the hard portion of the 

 auditory nerve are spread upon the backside of the auricle, as some write and 

 delineate; for the nerves that supply that part, come out beween the first and 

 second vertebra colli: a twig of this nerve, running upon the back of the 

 antitragus, is sometimes successfully cauterized in the tooth-ach. 



It is very probable, that there are lymphatics both in the auricle and auditory 

 passage. That the membrana tympani is made up of two membranes, is very 

 apparent in a foetus; the innermost of which is from the dura mater, and the 



