656 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1 7 1 1 . 



for this was much thicker and blacker, and rose in an instant much higher, 

 and was not dispersed until some time after, and then it fell in ashes on the 

 country, or into the sea; some of which the wind sometimes carried as far as 

 Anacuphi, an island about 25 miles from the Bay of Santorini. 



September the 18th, two hours after midnight, there was an earthquake at 

 Santorini. It did no damage ; and had no other effect, than to enlarge very 

 much the island, and to remove for some days the fire and smoke into other 

 places, through new passages which it made, and to increase them very con- 

 siderably. By the violence of these claps, houses were shaken at above 3 miles 

 distance; and out of the midst of a great smoke, which rose up and appeared 

 like a mountain, one might see and hear large pieces of rocks fall down into 

 the sea, and on the island, which were thrown out with the violence and noise 

 as a ball out of the mouth of a cannon. 



The Lesser Kammeni was several times quite covered over with large stones 

 covered with burning sulphur; several of which, rolling afterwards from the 

 top of this little island into the sea, made a very bright light, and pleasant ap- 

 pearance in the night. I thought at first, that the fire had passed under ground 

 from the new island to this ; because they are not very far asunder : but I soon 

 found my mistake, and that this fire proceeded only from these stones sulphured 

 over; for the sulphur, with which they were crusted over, being consumed, 

 they were all soon extinguished, except some few, which remained alight above 

 half an hour. By the violence of one of the loud claps, part of the top of 

 the New Island was carried off into the sea, and several stones were thrown to 

 above two miles distance : and, as if the mine had been exhausted by this 

 great clap, three or four days passed without any noise, and almost without 

 any fire or smoke. But the fire kindled again, and the island became more 

 terrible than before. I was then at a village 6 miles distant; where we heard 

 so distinctly, though it lay under a mountain, the blast of the mine, that the 

 inhabitants were so frighted at such an extraordinary clap, that I was obliged to 

 put them in heart, and they ran immediately to church to say their prayers, 

 and recommend themselves to God. At my return to the Castle of Scaro, I 

 found the people much more alarmed than they were in the village; and was 

 informed immediately, that the Castle had suffered so violent a shake, that the 

 doors of the houses, and the windows that were shut, were opened by the 

 force and violence of it. 



February the 10th, 1708, at half an hour after 8 o'clock in the morning, 

 there was another earthquake at Santorini ; and it seems that our volcano gets 

 new force by other veins of sulphur, which take fire at a greater distance. 

 We have instances of this in the fire and fiames which rise so frequently into 



