VOL. XXVIII.] PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. 2Q 



buboes ; and though they are not always alike, yet they are never without a fever, 

 and are attended with pain in the back and belly. 



Carbuncles and anthraces are much more pernicious, and of various kinds : 

 and I dare affirm, that if they had been rightly noticed, there might have been 

 observed among them many strange figures and species. I shall only mention 

 4 sorts. The first shows itself somewhat prominent and rising, of a dark brown, 

 the uppermost skin appearing somewhat dry, as if it was burnt, and has a lead 

 coloured circle. In the beginning it is frequently no larger than a pea; but, if 

 not prevented, increases in a short time to the size of a crown-piece. Inwardly 

 it is moister than the following species, and may be easier separated. Its seat 

 is generally in the fleshy parts, as on the shoulders, sides, hips, neck, the 

 arms, and legs. 



But the 2d sort lies somewhat deeper, and seems a little more depressed. 

 The eschar is in the middle of it, which is wholly dark and ash-coloured, 

 full of small cuts, as if burst by too great a dryness, and has a strong lead- 

 coloured circle, behind which the sound flesh looks red and shining. It corrodes 

 the flesh about it, and fixes its roots very deep. In its separation it feels drier 

 than the former, and may be taken out by pieces. It is fixed generally where 

 the flesh is thickest, as on the buttocks, the calf of the legs, and under the 

 short ribs towards the back. These two species burn much more violently than 

 the rest, so that a red-hot iron can hardly occasion more pain; and indeed the 

 patients are almost killed by the mere pain of them. 



The 3d sort is not very large. At first it appears like a blood swelling, not 

 so black as the former, the skin being also somewhat w^rinkled. In its increase, 

 small blisters arise on the middle of it, and form an eschar in small clusters, 

 which were small carbuncles. They are commonly situated in membranous 

 and tendinous parts, as towards the knees, behind the ears, on the toes, &c. 



The 4th species is the most curious, but very deceitful. It appears with a 

 high blister, yellowish, as if it contained corruption. At first there is a red, 

 afterwards an ash or lead-coloured circle about it: the blister soon falls, ana 

 within is seen the carbuncle hardly the size of a pepper corn, which continually 

 eats deeper and wider. These are seated on the cartilaginous parts : I have 

 found them near the. pit of the stomach on the cartilago ensiformis, and on the 

 short ribs. 



All these 4 species of carbuncles take deep root, and in the beginning burn 

 very violently, but the two former more than the latter. The symptoms attend- 

 ing them are violent, though not always sensible, but so much the more dan- 

 gerous; as generally restlessness, deliriums, sudden loss of strength, pain in 

 the head and back, anxieties, inward burning heat, thirst, &c. The first onset 



