48'2 PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. [aNNO 1720. 



some the urine was very turbid, in others of a bright flame colour. In com- 

 paring the pulses of the sound cattle with those of the diseased, he found the 

 latter to be quicker and weaker. There was but little heat perceivable by the 

 touch in any of them ; their tongues were soft and moist, but their breath was 

 exceedingly offensive. Besides these particulars, he was informed by those who 

 attended the sick cattle, and by other persons worthy of credit, that in some of 

 these beasts they had observed crude tumors in several parts of the body, as 

 also watery pustules, and disorderly motions of the head, with dry, black, and 

 fissured tongues; that in others there were tumors that came to maturation, 

 with putrid matter issuing from the mouth and nostrils, worms in the faeces and 

 in the eyes, bloody sweats, and shedding of the hair. 



In comparing the flesh of the cattle dead of this distemper, with that of 

 others killed for the market, he found the muscles in the former, lying imme- 

 diately under the skin, to be something livid. Having opened the three cavities 

 of the body, he applied himself with the utmost diligence to examine the brain 

 with its membranes; the trachaea, oesophagus, lungs, heart with its auricles, 

 the vena cava, aorta, and diaphragm ; the liver, spleen, and other parts of the 

 lower belly ; in all which there was no discernible difl^erence, either as to figure, 

 size, contents, situation, or connection, with the neighbouring parts, from 

 what was observed in sound cattle killed by the butcher, except the particulars 

 hereafter mentioned. The blood found in the ventricles of the heart, in the 

 pulmonary vessels, in the aorta and cava, though still warm, was considerably 

 blackish, and almost coagulated. In opening the upper and middle cavity, the 

 scent was oflfensive, but tolerable enough ; whereas that proceeding from the 

 • lower belly, was quite intolerable. In some few carcases the viscera differed 

 from their natural state, with regard to their size, their consistence, their con- 

 tents, colour, and smell. In several the paunch was found very much con- 

 tracted and dried, and containing a hard substance. In others the lungs were 

 swelled and livid, the liver tumefied, and the brain watery and putrid. 



Having ordered several of the cattle to be blooded, he found the blood not 

 to issue out ot the vessels in a continued stream, as usual, but with a broken 

 and interrupted flux, one part of it not immediately succeeding another. Hav- 

 ing caused the blood to be received in proper vessels, and sufi^ered it to stand 

 for some time, he found it entirely coagulated, without any separation of the 

 serum, and attached to the sides of the vessels, with a reticular pellicle on the 

 surface exposed to the air. All the cattle that were blooded, being 18 in number, 

 died in a few days after the bleeding, one only excepted, in which the vein was 

 opened on its being first taken ill. 



Having enumerated all the symptoms of the distemper, the author concludes 



