CLASSIFICATION OF THE CLASS AVES. 



253 



near the tail, with which they clean and dress their feathers. Attention has already been called to 

 this gland in the foot-note on p. 245. 



Before commencing the special part of the present article, it may be useful to give a slight sketch 

 of the classification which it is proposed to follow throughout its course. 



CLASS AVES. 

 DIVISION I. CARINATJE : CARIXATE BIRDS. 



ORDER I.-ACCIPITRE3 : BIRDS OF PREY. 

 SUB-ORDER I. FALCO.NES : FALCONS. 



GRODP II. CICHLOMORPH.E : THRUSH-LIKE PASSERES. 



Family I. Vulturidae - - - 



,, II. Faleonidae - - - 



Sub-Family I. Polyborinaj 



,, II. Accipicrimt? 



,, III. Buteonirue 



,, IV. Aquilinai - 



,, V. Falconinae - 



Vultures. 



Hawks. 



Caracaras. 



Long-legged Hawks. 



Buzzards. 



Eagles. 



Falcons. 



, , VI. Trichoglossinre 



Family II. Cuculidse - - - 

 ,, III. Indicatoridae - - 

 . , IV. Musophagidw 

 V. Picidae - 

 ,, VI. Rhamphastidae - - 

 ,, VII. Capitonidae - - - 



SUB-ORDER II. FISSIROSTRES ; 



Family I. Galbulidae - - - 



,, II. Bucconidse - - - 



,, III. Alcedinidae - 



,, IV. Bucerotidae - 

 ,, V. Upupidae 

 ,, VI. Meropidae 

 ,, VII. Momotidae 



,, VIII. Coraciadae - - - 



,, IX. Trogonidae - - - 

 ,, X. Caprimulgidse - - 



., XI. Cypselidae ... 



, XII. Trochilidae - - - 



SUB-ORDER II. PANDIOSES : OSPREYS. 



SUB-ORDER III. -STRIGES : OWLS. 

 Family I. Bubonidae ----- Owls proper. 



II.--Strigidae Barn Owls. 



ORDER II.-PICARLE: PICARIAN BIRDS. 

 SUB-ORDER I. ZYGODACTYL.E : CLIMBING BIRDS. 

 Family I. Psittaci - - ... Parrots. 



a. Psittaci proprii. 

 Sub-Family I. Camptolophinas - Cockatoos. 



,, II. Androglossiuae - Fleshy-tongued Parrots. 

 ,, III. Conurinae - - - Conures. 

 ,, IV. Platycercinse - - Parrakeets. 

 ,, V. Strigopiuse - - Owl Parrots, 

 b. Psittaci orthognathi. 



( Brush - tongued Par 

 I rots. 



- Cuckoos . 



- Honey-guides. 



- Touracoes. 

 Woodpeckers. 



- Toucans . 



- Barbets. 



"\VIDE-GAPING BIRDS. 



- Jacamars. 



- Puff Birds. 



- Kingfishers. 



- Hornbills. 



- Hoopoes . 



- Bee-eaters. 



- Motmots. 



- Rollers. 



- Trogons. 



- Goatsuckers. 



- Swifts. 



- Humming-birds. 



ORDER III.-PASSERIFORMES : PERCHING BIRDS. 



SECTION A. ACROMYODI : SINGING BIRDS. 

 SUB-ORDER I. TURDIFORMES : THRUSH-LIKE BIRDS. 



GROUP I. COLIOMORPH^E : CROW-LIKE PASSERES. 



Family I. Corvidae - - 

 Sub-Family I. Corvinre 

 II. Fregilime 

 Family II. Paradisiidae - 

 III. Orioliidae - 

 ,, IV. Dicruridse 

 V. Prionopidae - 

 127 



Crows. 



Crows proper. 



Choughs. 



Birds of Paradise. 



Orioles. 



Drongos. 



"Wood-shrikes. 



Family VI. Campophagidae - - 



,, VII. Muscicapidae - - 



VIIL-Turdidse - - - - 



Sub-Family I. Turdinas - - 



II. Sylviinae - - 



Family IX. Timeliidae - - - 



Sub-Family I. Troglodytinas 



, , II . Brachy podin je 



,, III. TimelLnae- - 



,, IV. Cisticolinas 



,, V. Miminoe - - 



Family X. Laniidae - - - - 



,, XI. Vireonidae - - - 



XII. Paridae - - - - 



Cuckoo-shrikes . 



Flycatchers. 



True Thrushes. 



Thrushes. 



Warblers. 



Babbling Thrushes. 



Wrens. 



Bulbuls. 



Babblers. 



Grass-warblers . 



American Babblers. 



Butcher-birds. 



Greenlets. 



Titmice. 



GRODP III. CERTHIIMOKPH.E : CREEPERS. 



GROUP IV. ClXNYRIMORPH.E : HONEY SUCKERS. 



SUB-ORDER II. FRIXGILLIFORMES : FINCH-LIKE BIRDS. 



Family I. MotacilliJie - - - 



II. Mniotiltidae - - - 



III. Caerebida? - - - - 



IV. Diceidae - - - - 



V. Ampelidaj - - - 



VI. Hirundinidae - - - 



,, VII. Tanagiidae - - - 

 VIII. Fringillidae - - 



IX. Icteridse - - - - 



SUB-ORDER III. STCRNIFORMES 



Family I. Ploceidae - - - - 



,, II. Sturnidae - - - - 



,, III. Artamidse - - - - 



,, IV. Alaudidae - - - - 



SECTION B. MESOMYODI : 



Family I. Menuridae- - - - 



,, II. Pteroptochiilre - - 



., III. Dendrocolap'idas - 



IV. Formicariidie - - 



V Pittida 



,, VI. Tyrannidse - 

 VII. Cotingidae - 

 VIII. Pipridae - - 

 IX. Eurylaemiidaa 

 ,, X. Phytotomidae 



- Wagtails. 



- American Warblers. 



- American Creepers. 



- Flower-peckers. 



- Chatterers. 



- Swallows. 



- Tanagers. 



- Finches. 



- Hang-nests. 



STARLING-LIKE BIRDS. 



- Weavers. 



- Starlings . 



- Wood -swallows. 



- Larks. 



SOXGLESS BIRDS. 



- Lyre-birds. 



- Bush- wrens. 



- Spine-tails. 

 (American A n t - 

 ( thrushes. 



\ Old-World Ant- 

 ( thrushes. 



- Tyrant-birds. 



- American Chatterers. 



- Manakins. 



- Broadbills. 



- Plant-cutters. 



ORDER IV. COLUMBJE : PIGEONS. 

 ORDER V. GALLESLE: GAME-BIRDS. 



- Curassows. 



- Hoatzins. 



- Pheasants. 



- Turkeys. 



- Grouse . 



- Sand-grouse. 



- Hemipodes . 



- Megapodes. 



Family I. Cracidae - - - 



,, II. Opisthocomidaa - 



,, III. Phasianidaj - - 



IV. Meleagridae - - 



,, V. Tetraonidas - - 



VI. Pteroclidae - - 



VII. Turnicidae - - 



VIII. Megapodidae - - 



