CO^TEJSTTS 



CLASS PISCES. -FISHES. 

 CHAPTER I. 



GENERAL INTRODUCTION THE ANATOMY AND OTHEH CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHES. 



PAGE 



Immense Variety of Forms Characteristics of the Class Industrial Importance to Man Fecundity Colour Mental 

 Endowments Their General Structure The Lowest Type of Fish Structural Features in Sharks and Rays 

 The Skull Peculiarities in the Lepidosiren Skull of Codfish The Sense Capsules Teeth and Jaws 

 The Branchial Arches The Muscles of Fishes The Skin and Mucous System To what Causes the Colour of 

 Fishes is Due The Scales of Fishes Agassiz's Classification based on Scales The Nervous System The Spinal 

 Cord The Brain Organs of Smell, Sight, and Hearing The Electric Organs The Teeth of Fishes The 

 Alimentary Canal The Liver The Air-bladder The Blood The Heart The Gills Fins and their Functions- 

 Classification of the Fishes 1 



CHAPTER II. 



THE PAL.EICHTHYES, OR FISHES OK ANCIENT TYPES. 



DIPNOI, OR MUD -FISHES Why this Order is Interesting THE AFRICAN MUD-FISH THE SOUTH AMERICAN 

 MUD-FISH THE GENUS CERATODUS GANOIDEI, OR FISHES WITH BONY SCALES THE AuuvjEAmia, 

 cahuTHE BONY PIKE OF THE NILE THE AMERICAN BONY PIKE Its Remarkable Characters -HOLOCE- 

 PHALA The Chinuera vwnstwsaTke Genus Callorhynchus PLAGIOSTOMATA The Sharks and Rays 

 SELACHOIDEI THE BLUE SHARK Its Habits Muscular Vitality Economic Uses Other Genera The Common 

 British Tope THE HAMMER-HEADED SHARK THE SMOOTH HOUND The Porbeagle, or the Beaumaris Shark 

 THE THRESHER, OR Fox SHARK THE BASKING SHARK -Enormous Proportions - The "Sea Serpent "Habits- 

 Fisheries Characters THE SIX-GILLED SHARK THE DOG FISHES - The Nurse Hound and the Rough Hound 

 Their Eggs and Egg-purses ''Sea-dog Soup" The Black-mouthed Dog-fish Cestracion THE PICKED DOG-FISH 

 Why so Named Characters Various Forms THE SPINOUS SHARK THE MONK-FISH The Indian Shark Oil 

 Industry BATOIDEI, THE RAYS - Distinctive Features THE PRISTID.E THE RHINOBATIIXE THE TORPEDI- 

 NIDJE THE GENUS TORPEDO Strength of the Shock The Electric Organs Characters Other Forms- THE RAYS 

 -Characters -The True Skate Fishery THE LONG-NOSED SKATE THE BORDERED RAY THE SHAGREEN RAY 

 THE HOMELYN RAY THE THORNBACK THE STING RAYS Growth of its "Spine" Various Species THE 

 EAGLE RAY THI Ox RAY, OR SEA DEVIL CHONDROSTEI THE STURGEONS Characters - Caviare Fishery 

 Other Economic Uses The Common Sturgeon Article of Diet- The Acipenser huso The Sterlet . . 18 



CHAPTER III. 



THE PLECTOGNATHI. THE LOPHOBRANCHII. THE ANACANTHINI. 



THE PLECTOGNATHI Singular Shapes of the Fishes of this Order Their Characters The Triacanthinse The 

 Balistime The File -fish The Monacanthinse The Ostracion The Gymnodontes The Genus Triodon The 

 Globe -fishes The Genus Xenopterus The Tetrodons The Genus Diodon Darwin on the Habits of a Diodon 

 Allied Genera The Sun-fishes -The Common Sun-fish Habits Characters The Oblong Sun-fish THE 

 LOPHOBRANCHII Their distinctive Features The Solenostoma Characters The Syngnathidae Interest 

 attaching to them The Broad nosed Pipe-fish Description The Great Pipe-fish Habits The Marsupial Pouch 

 Other Species The Ocean Pipe-fish The Worm Pipe-fish The Sea-horses Phyllopteryx Dr. Giinther's 

 Account of its Spines and Filaments The Genus Hippocampus The British Sea-horse Other Species THE 

 ANACANTHINI THE COD-LIKE DIVISION THE COD Its Voracity Its Fecundity Tame Cod Description of 

 the Fish The Cod-fisheries Long-line and Hand-line Fishing THE HADDOCK A "Great Conchologist " " St. 

 Peter's Mark "THE WHITING Couch's Whiting-The Pollack The Coal-fish THE HAKE The Greater Fork 

 Beard The Burbot THE LING THE MACKEREL MIDGE The Silvery Gade The Rocklings The Tadpole Hake 

 -THE TORSK The Ophidiidse Characters THE GENUS FIERASFER Distinctive Features The Greater Sand 

 Eel The Lesser Sand Eel THE FLAT-FISH, OR PLEURONECTID.E Characters -THE HOLIBUT The Largest 

 of the Flat-fish The Rough Dab, or Sand-sucker THE TURBOT THE BRILL THE WHIFF, OR MARY SOLE, 

 OR SAIL-FLUKE The Topknot BLOCK'S TOPKNOT The Scald fish, or Megrim, or Smooth Sole The Genus 

 Pleuronectes THE PLAICE Favourite Fish of the Poor Lacepede's Story about Shrimps and Plaice THE DAB, 

 OR SALTIE, OR SALT-WATER FLUKE The Smear Dab The Pole, or Craig Fluke THE FLOUNDER THE SOLE 

 THE LEMON SOLE THE VARIEGATED SOLE The Solenette Trawl Fishing 48 



CHAPTER IV. 



THE ORDERS PHARYNGOGNATHI AND ACANTHOPTERYGII. 



Characters of the Order PHARYNGOGNATHI THE POMACENTRID.E Distribution Diet Distinctive Features 

 THE LABRID.E Characters The Ballan Wrasse The Cook Wrasse The Corkwing Other Genera The Group 

 Chseropina The Group Julidina The Rainbow Wrasse The Genus Pseudodax The Group Scarina The Group 

 Odacina THE EMBIOTOCID.E THE GERRID.E THE CHROMIDES The Order ACANTHOPTERYGII Dr. 

 Giinther's Classification THE PERCIDJE The Perch Where Found Diet Large-sized Specimens Characters 

 The Bass The Ruffe Allied Genera The Smooth Serranus The Dusky Perch The Stone Bass, or Wreck-fish 

 Why so Called THE PRISTIPOMATID.E THE SQUAMIPINNES Characters Various Genera Curious Habit of 

 Shooting at Insects THE NANDID^E THE MULLID.E THE RED MULLET Epicurean Luxury Mode of Cooking 

 THE SPARID.E THE BLACK SEA BREAM, OR OLD WIFE The Bogue The Common Sea Bream- The 

 rilthead THE HOPLOGNATHID.E THE CIRRHITID^; SCORPJENINA THE POLYCENTRID.E THE TEUTHIDID.E 

 THE BERYCID.E THE KURTID.E THE POLYNTMID.E THE SCI^ENID^; The Maigre Value of its Head THE 

 XIPHIIDJE The Common Sword-fish Contests between Fox Sharks, Sword-fishes, and Whale The " Sword " 

 THE TRICHIUEHXE The Scabbard -fish The Silvery Hairtail THE ACRONURID.E THE CARANGHXE The Scad, 

 or Horse Mackerel THE CYTTINA The John Dory Characters Whately's Little Joke Legends about the 

 Dory THE STROMATEINA THE CORYPII.ENINA The Ray's Bream The Opah THE NOMEINA THE SCOMBRINA 

 THE MACKEREL Young " Shiners "Size Abundance Migrations Voracity Mackerel-fishing The Spanish 

 Mackerel The Tunny Characters Size The Tunny Harvest Beef-like Flesh The Bonito The Germon The 

 Genus Pelamys The Genus Auxis The Pilot-fish THE SUCKING-FISH, OR REMOHA Nature of the Sucking Disc . 74 



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