MAMMALIA. 



Or the Families may be arranged according to their teeth, 

 thus : 



I. Teeth well-developed, rooted. Fore-arm constantly prone. 



Toes hoofed. 



Bovida. Stomach for ruminating ; toes 4, middle large. 

 Equida. Stomach not ruminating ; toes 3, middle large. 

 Elephantida. Stomach not ruminating ; toes subequal. 



II. Teeth wanting, or imperfect, rootless. Toes longly clawed. 

 Dasypida. Face elongate. 



Bradypidida. Face short. 



Section 1. FURCIPEDA. 



Two middle toes large, equal ; bones of the metacarpus and 

 metatarsus united. 



Ungulata, Sect. 1, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825. 



Isodactyle, part., and Anisodactyle, part., Owen, Odontography, 



1841. 

 Artiodactyla, part., and Perissodactyla, part., Owen, Quart. Journ. 



Geol Soc. 1848, 131 ; Turner, Proc. Zool Soc. 1849, 158. 

 Stereoplia Bisulcia, Rajin. Anal. Nat. 55. 1815. 

 Pecora, Sundevall, Kongl. Vet. Akad. Hand. 1844 ; Pecora, 1848. 



Fam. 1. BOVIDJB. 



Two middle toes separate. Cutting teeth eight below ; upper 

 jaw callous ; grinders 6*6 in each jaw. Frontal bones produced, 

 generally bearing horns, especially in the males. Gullet with two 

 long pouches just before the stomach, used for holding and 

 soaking the food before it is chewed. Using their head and 

 horns in defence. 



Ruminantia, Pallas, Zool. Ross. Asiat. i. 192; Bronn, Ind. 



Paleont. ii. 708. 



Q. Ruminantia et Q. Camelinum, Ray, Syn. 60. 1693. 

 Bovidse, Gray, Ann. Phil. 1825; List Mam. B. Mus. xxvi. ; 



Storr. Prod. Mam. 1780 ; Lesson in Tab. R. A.16J-, Fischer, 



Syn. 1828. 

 Mam. Pecora, Linn. S. N. ed. 12. i. 90 ; Latr. Fam. Nat. 62. 



1825; Wagler, N. Syst. Amph. 431. 1830; Eichwald, Zool. 



Sjwc.iii.341. 1831. 

 Les Ruminans (Ruminantia), Cuvier, Tab. Elem. 1798; Dum. 



Z. A. 1806; Cuvier, R. A. i. 246. 1817, ed. 2.i.254; Desm. 



N. D. H. N. xxiv. 31, 1804; F. Cuvier, 1829; Dent. Mam. 



227; Diet. Sci.Nat.lix. 511. 



