16 MAMMALIA. 



Colonel Hamilton Smith divides the Bovece into three tribes, 

 thus: l.Bubalus. 2. Bison. 3. Taurus. Griffith, A. K.\. 1827; 

 Fischer, Syn. ii. 651. 



Professor Sundevall arranges the genera of this subtribe thus : 

 A. 1 . Anoa. 2. Bos. Subdivided thus : a. Bos. /3. Poephagus 

 and Bubalus. y. Bison. B. 3. Ovibos. Kongl. Vet. Akad. 

 Handl. 1846, and in Hornschuch Arch. 1848. 



Mr. Hodgson, in his f Illustrations of the genera of Bovida,' 

 divides the species into the genera 1. Bos (domesticus). 2. Bibos 

 (cavifrons and gaveus). 3. Bison or Bisonius (Americanus and 

 poephagus). 4. Bubalus (Arna) from the character of the skull 

 and other parts of the skeleton. See Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. x. 

 449, 1847. 



Mr. Gray, in the Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1846, 229, 

 observes, " The Bovece consist of the genera Bos, Bibos, Bison, 

 Bubalus and Anoa, with a naked moist muffle, and Poephagus 

 and Ovibos with a hairy ovine muzzle. 



" These genera are well distinguished by the form of the inter- 

 maxillaries. In Poephagus (grunniens), Bibos (frontatus and 

 Gour), and in Bison ( Urus), they are short, triangular, acute be- 

 hind, and not reaching to the nasal, being gradually shorter in 

 proportion from Poephagus to Bison. In Bos (Taurus) and 

 Bubalus (Buffelus and Coffer) they are elongate, reaching to the 

 suture between the nasal and cheek-bone, and extending furthest 

 up in B. Buffelus.' 9 



A. Muffle broad, moist at the end of the nose. Hair short, rigid, 

 adpressed, or short, crisp and woolly. The grinder with a 

 well-developed supplementary lobe. The bony part of the 

 tail produced, elongated, reaching to the hocks. Living on 

 the plains of warm or temperate regions. 



The Oxen of the Plains, Gray, Knowsley Menag. 1849 ; Ann. & 

 Mag. N. H. 1848, 229. 



a. True Oxen. Bodies covered with rather stiff hair. Shoulder 

 proportionate to the haunches ; the cannon bone of the hind- 

 and fore-legs of equal length. 



True Oxen, Gray, Knowsley Menag. 1849. 



* Intermaxillaries elongate, and produced behind and between 

 the nasal and cheek bones ; the upper lip bald, callous and 

 moist, as wide as the outer edge of the nostrils. 



1. Bos. 



Horns cylindrical, conical, nearly circular at the base, curved 

 upwards and outwards, far apart at the base, on the sides of the 



